patch 8.2.3856: Vim9: not enough testsv8.2.3856

Problem:    Vim9: not enough tests.
Solution:   Run more expression tests also with Vim9. Fix an uncovered
            problem.

4 files changed, 598 insertions, 508 deletions

diff --git a/src/testdir/test_expr.vim b/src/testdir/test_expr.vim
index 46d7186125..99cb9a1374 100644
--- a/src/testdir/test_expr.vim
+++ b/src/testdir/test_expr.vim
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 " Tests for expressions.
 
 source check.vim
+source vim9.vim
 
 func Test_equal()
   let base = {}
@@ -43,517 +44,579 @@ func Test_version()
 endfunc
 
 func Test_op_trinary()
-  call assert_equal('yes', 1 ? 'yes' : 'no')
-  call assert_equal('no', 0 ? 'yes' : 'no')
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call assert_equal('yes', 1 ? 'yes' : 'no')
+      call assert_equal('no', 0 ? 'yes' : 'no')
+
+      call assert_fails('echo [1] ? "yes" : "no"', 'E745:')
+      call assert_fails('echo {} ? "yes" : "no"', 'E728:')
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
+
   call assert_equal('no', 'x' ? 'yes' : 'no')
+  call CheckDefAndScriptFailure(["'x' ? 'yes' : 'no'"], 'E1135:')
   call assert_equal('yes', '1x' ? 'yes' : 'no')
-
-  call assert_fails('echo [1] ? "yes" : "no"', 'E745:')
-  call assert_fails('echo {} ? "yes" : "no"', 'E728:')
+  call CheckDefAndScriptFailure(["'1x' ? 'yes' : 'no'"], 'E1135:')
 endfunc
 
 func Test_op_falsy()
-  call assert_equal(v:true, v:true ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(123, 123 ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal('yes', 'yes' ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(0z00, 0z00 ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal([1], [1] ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(#{one: 1}, #{one: 1} ?? 456)
-  if has('float')
-    call assert_equal(0.1, 0.1 ?? 456)
-  endif
-
-  call assert_equal(456, v:false ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(456, 0 ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(456, '' ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(456, 0z ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(456, [] ?? 456)
-  call assert_equal(456, {} ?? 456)
-  if has('float')
-    call assert_equal(456, 0.0 ?? 456)
-  endif
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call assert_equal(v:true, v:true ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal(123, 123 ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal('yes', 'yes' ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal(0z00, 0z00 ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal([1], [1] ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal({'one': 1}, {'one': 1} ?? 456)
+      if has('float')
+        call assert_equal(0.1, 0.1 ?? 456)
+      endif
+
+      call assert_equal(456, v:false ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal(456, 0 ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal(456, '' ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal(456, 0z ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal(456, [] ?? 456)
+      call assert_equal(456, {} ?? 456)
+      if has('float')
+        call assert_equal(456, 0.0 ?? 456)
+      endif
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
 endfunc
 
 func Test_dict()
-  let d = {'': 'empty', 'a': 'a', 0: 'zero'}
-  call assert_equal('empty', d[''])
-  call assert_equal('a', d['a'])
-  call assert_equal('zero', d[0])
-  call assert_true(has_key(d, ''))
-  call assert_true(has_key(d, 'a'))
-  call assert_fails("let i = has_key([], 'a')", 'E715:')
-
-  let d[''] = 'none'
-  let d['a'] = 'aaa'
-  call assert_equal('none', d[''])
-  call assert_equal('aaa', d['a'])
-
-  let d[ 'b' ] = 'bbb'
-  call assert_equal('bbb', d[ 'b' ])
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      VAR d = {'': 'empty', 'a': 'a', 0: 'zero'}
+      call assert_equal('empty', d[''])
+      call assert_equal('a', d['a'])
+      call assert_equal('zero', d[0])
+      call assert_true(has_key(d, ''))
+      call assert_true(has_key(d, 'a'))
+
+      LET d[''] = 'none'
+      LET d['a'] = 'aaa'
+      call assert_equal('none', d[''])
+      call assert_equal('aaa', d['a'])
+
+      LET d[ 'b' ] = 'bbb'
+      call assert_equal('bbb', d[ 'b' ])
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
+
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Failure(["VAR i = has_key([], 'a')"], ['E715:', 'E1013:', 'E1206:'])
 endfunc
 
 func Test_strgetchar()
-  call assert_equal(char2nr('a'), strgetchar('axb', 0))
-  call assert_equal(char2nr('x'), 'axb'->strgetchar(1))
-  call assert_equal(char2nr('b'), strgetchar('axb', 2))
-
-  call assert_equal(-1, strgetchar('axb', -1))
-  call assert_equal(-1, strgetchar('axb', 3))
-  call assert_equal(-1, strgetchar('', 0))
-  call assert_fails("let c=strgetchar([], 1)", 'E730:')
-  call assert_fails("let c=strgetchar('axb', [])", 'E745:')
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call assert_equal(char2nr('a'), strgetchar('axb', 0))
+      call assert_equal(char2nr('x'), 'axb'->strgetchar(1))
+      call assert_equal(char2nr('b'), strgetchar('axb', 2))
+
+      call assert_equal(-1, strgetchar('axb', -1))
+      call assert_equal(-1, strgetchar('axb', 3))
+      call assert_equal(-1, strgetchar('', 0))
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
+
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Failure(["VAR c = strgetchar([], 1)"], ['E730:', 'E1013:', 'E1174:'])
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Failure(["VAR c = strgetchar('axb', [])"], ['E745:', 'E1013:', 'E1210:'])
 endfunc
 
 func Test_strcharpart()
-  call assert_equal('a', strcharpart('axb', 0, 1))
-  call assert_equal('x', 'axb'->strcharpart(1, 1))
-  call assert_equal('b', strcharpart('axb', 2, 1))
-  call assert_equal('xb', strcharpart('axb', 1))
-
-  call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', 1, 0))
-  call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', 1, -1))
-  call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', -1, 1))
-  call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', -2, 2))
-
-  call assert_equal('a', strcharpart('axb', -1, 2))
-
-  call assert_equal('edit', "editor"[-10:3])
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call assert_equal('a', strcharpart('axb', 0, 1))
+      call assert_equal('x', 'axb'->strcharpart(1, 1))
+      call assert_equal('b', strcharpart('axb', 2, 1))
+      call assert_equal('xb', strcharpart('axb', 1))
+
+      call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', 1, 0))
+      call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', 1, -1))
+      call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', -1, 1))
+      call assert_equal('', strcharpart('axb', -2, 2))
+
+      call assert_equal('a', strcharpart('axb', -1, 2))
+
+      call assert_equal('edit', "editor"[-10 : 3])
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
 endfunc
 
 func Test_getreg_empty_list()
-  call assert_equal('', getreg('x'))
-  call assert_equal([], getreg('x', 1, 1))
-  let x = getreg('x', 1, 1)
-  let y = x
-  call add(x, 'foo')
-  call assert_equal(['foo'], y)
-  call assert_fails('call getreg([])', 'E730:')
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call assert_equal('', getreg('x'))
+      call assert_equal([], getreg('x', 1, 1))
+      VAR x = getreg('x', 1, 1)
+      VAR y = x
+      call add(x, 'foo')
+      call assert_equal(['foo'], y)
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
+
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Failure(['call getreg([])'], ['E730:', 'E1013:', 'E1174:'])
 endfunc
 
 func Test_loop_over_null_list()
-  let null_list = test_null_list()
-  for i in null_list
-    call assert_report('should not get here')
-  endfor
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      VAR null_list = test_null_list()
+      for i in null_list
+        call assert_report('should not get here')
+      endfor
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
 endfunc
 
 func Test_setreg_null_list()
-  call setreg('x', test_null_list())
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call setreg('x', test_null_list())
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
 endfunc
 
 func Test_special_char()
   " The failure is only visible using valgrind.
-  call assert_fails('echo "\<C-">')
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Failure(['echo "\<C-">'], ['E15:', 'E1004:', 'E1004:'])
 endfunc
 
 func Test_method_with_prefix()
-  call assert_equal(1, !range(5)->empty())
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call assert_equal(TRUE, !range(5)->empty())
+      call assert_equal(FALSE, !-3)
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
+
   call assert_equal([0, 1, 2], --3->range())
-  call assert_equal(0, !-3)
+  call CheckDefAndScriptFailure(['eval --3->range()'], 'E15')
+
   call assert_equal(1, !+-+0)
+  call CheckDefAndScriptFailure(['eval !+-+0'], 'E15')
 endfunc
 
 func Test_option_value()
-  " boolean
-  set bri
-  call assert_equal(1, &bri)
-  set nobri
-  call assert_equal(0, &bri)
-
-  " number
-  set ts=1
-  call assert_equal(1, &ts)
-  set ts=8
-  call assert_equal(8, &ts)
-
-  " string
-  exe "set cedit=\<Esc>"
-  call assert_equal("\<Esc>", &cedit)
-  set cpo=
-  call assert_equal("", &cpo)
-  set cpo=abcdefgi
-  call assert_equal("abcdefgi", &cpo)
-  set cpo&vim
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      #" boolean
+      set bri
+      call assert_equal(TRUE, &bri)
+      set nobri
+      call assert_equal(FALSE, &bri)
+
+      #" number
+      set ts=1
+      call assert_equal(1, &ts)
+      set ts=8
+      call assert_equal(8, &ts)
+
+      #" string
+      exe "set cedit=\<Esc>"
+      call assert_equal("\<Esc>", &cedit)
+      set cpo=
+      call assert_equal("", &cpo)
+      set cpo=abcdefgi
+      call assert_equal("abcdefgi", &cpo)
+      set cpo&vim
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
 endfunc
 
-function Test_printf_misc()
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('123'))
-  call assert_fails("call printf('123', 3)", "E767:")
-
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%i', 123))
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%D', 123))
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%U', 123))
-  call assert_equal('173', printf('%o', 123))
-  call assert_equal('173', printf('%O', 123))
-  call assert_equal('7b', printf('%x', 123))
-  call assert_equal('7B', printf('%X', 123))
-
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%hd', 123))
-  call assert_equal('-123', printf('%hd', -123))
-  call assert_equal('-1', printf('%hd', 0xFFFF))
-  call assert_equal('-1', printf('%hd', 0x1FFFFF))
-
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%hu', 123))
-  call assert_equal('65413', printf('%hu', -123))
-  call assert_equal('65535', printf('%hu', 0xFFFF))
-  call assert_equal('65535', printf('%hu', 0x1FFFFF))
-
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%ld', 123))
-  call assert_equal('-123', printf('%ld', -123))
-  call assert_equal('65535', printf('%ld', 0xFFFF))
-  call assert_equal('131071', printf('%ld', 0x1FFFF))
-
-  if has('ebcdic')
-    call assert_equal('#', printf('%c', 123))
-  else
-    call assert_equal('{', printf('%c', 123))
-  endif
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%S', 'abc'))
-
-  call assert_equal('+123', printf('%+d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('-123', printf('%+d', -123))
-  call assert_equal('+123', printf('%+ d', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' 123', printf('% d', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' 123', printf('%  d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('-123', printf('% d', -123))
-
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%2d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('   123', printf('%6d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('000123', printf('%06d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('+00123', printf('%+06d', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' 00123', printf('% 06d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('  +123', printf('%+6d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('   123', printf('% 6d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('  -123', printf('% 6d', -123))
-
-  " Test left adjusted.
-  call assert_equal('123   ', printf('%-6d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('+123  ', printf('%-+6d', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' 123  ', printf('%- 6d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('-123  ', printf('%- 6d', -123))
-
-  call assert_equal('  00123', printf('%7.5d', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' -00123', printf('%7.5d', -123))
-  call assert_equal(' +00123', printf('%+7.5d', 123))
-  " Precision field should not be used when combined with %0
-  call assert_equal('  00123', printf('%07.5d', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' -00123', printf('%07.5d', -123))
-
-  call assert_equal('  123', printf('%*d', 5, 123))
-  call assert_equal('123  ', printf('%*d', -5, 123))
-  call assert_equal('00123', printf('%.*d', 5, 123))
-  call assert_equal('  123', printf('% *d', 5, 123))
-  call assert_equal(' +123', printf('%+ *d', 5, 123))
-
-  call assert_equal('foobar', printf('%.*s',  9, 'foobar'))
-  call assert_equal('foo',    printf('%.*s',  3, 'foobar'))
-  call assert_equal('',       printf('%.*s',  0, 'foobar'))
-  call assert_equal('foobar', printf('%.*s', -1, 'foobar'))
-
-  " Simple quote (thousand grouping char) is ignored.
-  call assert_equal('+00123456', printf("%+'09d", 123456))
-
-  " Unrecognized format specifier kept as-is.
-  call assert_equal('_123', printf("%_%d", 123))
-
-  " Test alternate forms.
-  call assert_equal('0x7b', printf('%#x', 123))
-  call assert_equal('0X7B', printf('%#X', 123))
-  call assert_equal('0173', printf('%#o', 123))
-  call assert_equal('0173', printf('%#O', 123))
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%#s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%#S', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('  0173', printf('%#6o', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' 00173', printf('%#6.5o', 123))
-  call assert_equal('  0173', printf('%#6.2o', 123))
-  call assert_equal('  0173', printf('%#6.2o', 123))
-  call assert_equal('0173', printf('%#2.2o', 123))
-
-  call assert_equal(' 00123', printf('%6.5d', 123))
-  call assert_equal(' 0007b', printf('%6.5x', 123))
-
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%.2d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('0123', printf('%.4d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('0000000123', printf('%.10d', 123))
-  call assert_equal('123', printf('%.0d', 123))
-
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%2s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%2S', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%.4s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('abc', printf('%.4S', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('ab', printf('%.2s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('ab', printf('%.2S', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('', printf('%.0s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('', printf('%.s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal(' abc', printf('%4s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal(' abc', printf('%4S', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('0abc', printf('%04s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('0abc', printf('%04S', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('abc ', printf('%-4s', 'abc'))
-  call assert_equal('abc ', printf('%-4S', 'abc'))
-
-  call assert_equal('🐍', printf('%.2S', '🐍🐍'))
-  call assert_equal('', printf('%.1S', '🐍🐍'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[    あいう]', printf('[%10.6S]', 'あいうえお'))
-  call assert_equal('[  あいうえ]', printf('[%10.8S]', 'あいうえお'))
-  call assert_equal('[あいうえお]', printf('[%10.10S]', 'あいうえお'))
-  call assert_equal('[あいうえお]', printf('[%10.12S]', 'あいうえお'))
-
-  call assert_equal('あいう', printf('%S', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('あいう', printf('%#S', 'あいう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('あb', printf('%2S', 'あb'))
-  call assert_equal('あb', printf('%.4S', 'あb'))
-  call assert_equal('あ', printf('%.2S', 'あb'))
-  call assert_equal(' あb', printf('%4S', 'あb'))
-  call assert_equal('0あb', printf('%04S', 'あb'))
-  call assert_equal('あb ', printf('%-4S', 'あb'))
-  call assert_equal('あ  ', printf('%-4.2S', 'あb'))
-
-  call assert_equal('aい', printf('%2S', 'aい'))
-  call assert_equal('aい', printf('%.4S', 'aい'))
-  call assert_equal('a', printf('%.2S', 'aい'))
-  call assert_equal(' aい', printf('%4S', 'aい'))
-  call assert_equal('0aい', printf('%04S', 'aい'))
-  call assert_equal('aい ', printf('%-4S', 'aい'))
-  call assert_equal('a   ', printf('%-4.2S', 'aい'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[あいう]', printf('[%05S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[あいう]', printf('[%06S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0あいう]', printf('[%07S]', 'あいう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[あiう]', printf('[%05S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0あiう]', printf('[%06S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00あiう]', printf('[%07S]', 'あiう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[0あい]', printf('[%05.4S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00あい]', printf('[%06.4S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[000あい]', printf('[%07.4S]', 'あいう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[00あi]', printf('[%05.4S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[000あi]', printf('[%06.4S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0000あi]', printf('[%07.4S]', 'あiう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[0あい]', printf('[%05.5S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00あい]', printf('[%06.5S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[000あい]', printf('[%07.5S]', 'あいう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[あiう]', printf('[%05.5S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0あiう]', printf('[%06.5S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00あiう]', printf('[%07.5S]', 'あiう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[0000000000]', printf('[%010.0S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0000000000]', printf('[%010.1S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00000000あ]', printf('[%010.2S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00000000あ]', printf('[%010.3S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[000000あい]', printf('[%010.4S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[000000あい]', printf('[%010.5S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0000あいう]', printf('[%010.6S]', 'あいう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0000あいう]', printf('[%010.7S]', 'あいう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('[0000000000]', printf('[%010.1S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00000000あ]', printf('[%010.2S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0000000あi]', printf('[%010.3S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[0000000あi]', printf('[%010.4S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00000あiう]', printf('[%010.5S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00000あiう]', printf('[%010.6S]', 'あiう'))
-  call assert_equal('[00000あiう]', printf('[%010.7S]', 'あiう'))
-
-  call assert_equal('1%', printf('%d%%', 1))
+func Test_printf_misc()
+  let lines =<< trim END
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('123'))
+
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%i', 123))
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%D', 123))
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%U', 123))
+      call assert_equal('173', printf('%o', 123))
+      call assert_equal('173', printf('%O', 123))
+      call assert_equal('7b', printf('%x', 123))
+      call assert_equal('7B', printf('%X', 123))
+
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%hd', 123))
+      call assert_equal('-123', printf('%hd', -123))
+      call assert_equal('-1', printf('%hd', 0xFFFF))
+      call assert_equal('-1', printf('%hd', 0x1FFFFF))
+
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%hu', 123))
+      call assert_equal('65413', printf('%hu', -123))
+      call assert_equal('65535', printf('%hu', 0xFFFF))
+      call assert_equal('65535', printf('%hu', 0x1FFFFF))
+
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%ld', 123))
+      call assert_equal('-123', printf('%ld', -123))
+      call assert_equal('65535', printf('%ld', 0xFFFF))
+      call assert_equal('131071', printf('%ld', 0x1FFFF))
+
+      if has('ebcdic')
+        call assert_equal('#', printf('%c', 123))
+      else
+        call assert_equal('{', printf('%c', 123))
+      endif
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%S', 'abc'))
+
+      call assert_equal('+123', printf('%+d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('-123', printf('%+d', -123))
+      call assert_equal('+123', printf('%+ d', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' 123', printf('% d', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' 123', printf('%  d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('-123', printf('% d', -123))
+
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%2d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('   123', printf('%6d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('000123', printf('%06d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('+00123', printf('%+06d', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' 00123', printf('% 06d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('  +123', printf('%+6d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('   123', printf('% 6d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('  -123', printf('% 6d', -123))
+
+      #" Test left adjusted.
+      call assert_equal('123   ', printf('%-6d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('+123  ', printf('%-+6d', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' 123  ', printf('%- 6d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('-123  ', printf('%- 6d', -123))
+
+      call assert_equal('  00123', printf('%7.5d', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' -00123', printf('%7.5d', -123))
+      call assert_equal(' +00123', printf('%+7.5d', 123))
+
+      #" Precision field should not be used when combined with %0
+      call assert_equal('  00123', printf('%07.5d', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' -00123', printf('%07.5d', -123))
+
+      call assert_equal('  123', printf('%*d', 5, 123))
+      call assert_equal('123  ', printf('%*d', -5, 123))
+      call assert_equal('00123', printf('%.*d', 5, 123))
+      call assert_equal('  123', printf('% *d', 5, 123))
+      call assert_equal(' +123', printf('%+ *d', 5, 123))
+
+      call assert_equal('foobar', printf('%.*s',  9, 'foobar'))
+      call assert_equal('foo',    printf('%.*s',  3, 'foobar'))
+      call assert_equal('',       printf('%.*s',  0, 'foobar'))
+      call assert_equal('foobar', printf('%.*s', -1, 'foobar'))
+
+      #" Simple quote (thousand grouping char) is ignored.
+      call assert_equal('+00123456', printf("%+'09d", 123456))
+
+      #" Unrecognized format specifier kept as-is.
+      call assert_equal('_123', printf("%_%d", 123))
+
+      #" Test alternate forms.
+      call assert_equal('0x7b', printf('%#x', 123))
+      call assert_equal('0X7B', printf('%#X', 123))
+      call assert_equal('0173', printf('%#o', 123))
+      call assert_equal('0173', printf('%#O', 123))
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%#s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%#S', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('  0173', printf('%#6o', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' 00173', printf('%#6.5o', 123))
+      call assert_equal('  0173', printf('%#6.2o', 123))
+      call assert_equal('  0173', printf('%#6.2o', 123))
+      call assert_equal('0173', printf('%#2.2o', 123))
+
+      call assert_equal(' 00123', printf('%6.5d', 123))
+      call assert_equal(' 0007b', printf('%6.5x', 123))
+
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%.2d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('0123', printf('%.4d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('0000000123', printf('%.10d', 123))
+      call assert_equal('123', printf('%.0d', 123))
+
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%2s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%2S', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%.4s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('abc', printf('%.4S', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('ab', printf('%.2s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('ab', printf('%.2S', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('', printf('%.0s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('', printf('%.s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal(' abc', printf('%4s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal(' abc', printf('%4S', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('0abc', printf('%04s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('0abc', printf('%04S', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('abc ', printf('%-4s', 'abc'))
+      call assert_equal('abc ', printf('%-4S', 'abc'))
+
+      call assert_equal('🐍', printf('%.2S', '🐍🐍'))
+      call assert_equal('', printf('%.1S', '🐍🐍'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[    あいう]', printf('[%10.6S]', 'あいうえお'))
+      call assert_equal('[  あいうえ]', printf('[%10.8S]', 'あいうえお'))
+      call assert_equal('[あいうえお]', printf('[%10.10S]', 'あいうえお'))
+      call assert_equal('[あいうえお]', printf('[%10.12S]', 'あいうえお'))
+
+      call assert_equal('あいう', printf('%S', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('あいう', printf('%#S', 'あいう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('あb', printf('%2S', 'あb'))
+      call assert_equal('あb', printf('%.4S', 'あb'))
+      call assert_equal('あ', printf('%.2S', 'あb'))
+      call assert_equal(' あb', printf('%4S', 'あb'))
+      call assert_equal('0あb', printf('%04S', 'あb'))
+      call assert_equal('あb ', printf('%-4S', 'あb'))
+      call assert_equal('あ  ', printf('%-4.2S', 'あb'))
+
+      call assert_equal('aい', printf('%2S', 'aい'))
+      call assert_equal('aい', printf('%.4S', 'aい'))
+      call assert_equal('a', printf('%.2S', 'aい'))
+      call assert_equal(' aい', printf('%4S', 'aい'))
+      call assert_equal('0aい', printf('%04S', 'aい'))
+      call assert_equal('aい ', printf('%-4S', 'aい'))
+      call assert_equal('a   ', printf('%-4.2S', 'aい'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[あいう]', printf('[%05S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[あいう]', printf('[%06S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0あいう]', printf('[%07S]', 'あいう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[あiう]', printf('[%05S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0あiう]', printf('[%06S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00あiう]', printf('[%07S]', 'あiう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[0あい]', printf('[%05.4S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00あい]', printf('[%06.4S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[000あい]', printf('[%07.4S]', 'あいう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[00あi]', printf('[%05.4S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[000あi]', printf('[%06.4S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0000あi]', printf('[%07.4S]', 'あiう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[0あい]', printf('[%05.5S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00あい]', printf('[%06.5S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[000あい]', printf('[%07.5S]', 'あいう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[あiう]', printf('[%05.5S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0あiう]', printf('[%06.5S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00あiう]', printf('[%07.5S]', 'あiう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[0000000000]', printf('[%010.0S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0000000000]', printf('[%010.1S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00000000あ]', printf('[%010.2S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00000000あ]', printf('[%010.3S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[000000あい]', printf('[%010.4S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[000000あい]', printf('[%010.5S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0000あいう]', printf('[%010.6S]', 'あいう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0000あいう]', printf('[%010.7S]', 'あいう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('[0000000000]', printf('[%010.1S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00000000あ]', printf('[%010.2S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0000000あi]', printf('[%010.3S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[0000000あi]', printf('[%010.4S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00000あiう]', printf('[%010.5S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00000あiう]', printf('[%010.6S]', 'あiう'))
+      call assert_equal('[00000あiう]', printf('[%010.7S]', 'あiう'))
+
+      call assert_equal('1%', printf('%d%%', 1))
+  END
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Success(lines)
+
+  call CheckLegacyAndVim9Failure(["call printf('123', 3)"], "E767:")
 endfunc
 
-function Test_printf_float()
+func Test_printf_float()
   if has('float')
-    call assert_equal('1.000000', printf('%f', 1))
-    call assert_equal('1.230000', printf('%f', 1.23))
-    call assert_equal('1.230000', printf('%F', 1.23))
-    call assert_equal('9999999.9', printf('%g', 9999999.9))
-    call assert_equal('9999999.9', printf('%G', 9999999.9))
-    call assert_equal('1.00000001e7', printf('%.8g', 10000000.1))
-    call assert_equal('1.00000001E7', printf('%.8G', 10000000.1))
-    call assert_equal('1.230000e+00', printf('%e', 1.23))
-    call assert_equal('1.230000E+00', printf('%E', 1.23))
-    call assert_equal('1.200000e-02', printf('%e', 0.012))
-    call assert_equal('-1.200000e-02', printf('%e', -0.012))
-    call assert_equal('0.33', printf('%.2f', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('  0.33', printf('%6.2f', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal(' -0.33', printf('%6.2f', -1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('000.33', printf('%06.2f', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('-00.33', printf('%06.2f', -1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('-00.33', printf('%+06.2f', -1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('+00.33', printf('%+06.2f', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal(' 00.33', printf('% 06.2f', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('000.33', printf('%06.2g', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('-00.33', printf('%06.2g', -1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('0.33', printf('%3.2f', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('003.33e-01', printf('%010.2e', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal(' 03.33e-01', printf('% 010.2e', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('+03.33e-01', printf('%+010.2e', 1.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('-03.33e-01', printf('%010.2e', -1.0/3.0))
-
-    " When precision is 0, the dot should be omitted.
-    call assert_equal('  2', printf('%3.f', 7.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('  2', printf('%3.g', 7.0/3.0))
-    call assert_equal('  2e+00', printf('%7.e', 7.0/3.0))
-
-    " Float zero can be signed.
-    call assert_equal('+0.000000', printf('%+f', 0.0))
-    call assert_equal('0.000000', printf('%f', 1.0/(1.0/0.0)))
-    call assert_equal('-0.000000', printf('%f', 1.0/(-1.0/0.0)))
-    call assert_equal('0.0', printf('%s', 1.0/(1.0/0.0)))
-    call assert_equal('-0.0', printf('%s', 1.0/(-1.0/0.0)))
-    call assert_equal('0.0', printf('%S', 1.0/(1.0/0.0)))
-    call assert_equal('-0.0', printf('%S', 1.0/(-1.0/0.0)))
-
-    " Float infinity can be signed.
-    call assert_equal('inf', printf('%f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%f', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('inf', printf('%g', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%g', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('inf', printf('%e', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%e', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('INF', printf('%F', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-INF', printf('%F', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('INF', printf('%E', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-INF', printf('%E', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('INF', printf('%E', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-INF', printf('%G', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('+inf', printf('%+f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%+f', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal(' inf', printf('% f',  1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('   inf', printf('%6f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('  -inf', printf('%6f', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('   inf', printf('%6g', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('  -inf', printf('%6g', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('  +inf', printf('%+6f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('   inf', printf('% 6f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('  +inf', printf('%+06f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('inf   ', printf('%-6f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-inf  ', printf('%-6f', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('+inf  ', printf('%-+6f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal(' inf  ', printf('%- 6f', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-INF  ', printf('%-6F', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('+INF  ', printf('%-+6F', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal(' INF  ', printf('%- 6F', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('INF   ', printf('%-6G', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-INF  ', printf('%-6G', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('INF   ', printf('%-6E', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-INF  ', printf('%-6E', -1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('inf', printf('%s', 1.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%s', -1.0/0.0))
-
-    " Test special case where max precision is truncated at 340.
-    call assert_equal('1.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', printf('%.330f', 1.0))
-    call assert_equal('1.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', printf('%.340f', 1.0))
-    call assert_equal('1.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', printf('%.350f', 1.0))
-
-    " Float nan (not a number) has no sign.
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%f', sqrt(-1.0)))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%f', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%f', -0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%g', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%e', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('NAN', printf('%F', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('NAN', printf('%G', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('NAN', printf('%E', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('NAN', printf('%F', -0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('NAN', printf('%G', -0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('NAN', printf('%E', -0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('   nan', printf('%6f', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('   nan', printf('%06f', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan   ', printf('%-6f', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan   ', printf('%- 6f', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%s', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%s', -0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%S', 0.0/0.0))
-    call assert_equal('nan', printf('%S', -0.0/0.0))
-
-    call assert_fails('echo printf("%f", "a")', 'E807:')
+    let lines =<< trim END
+        call assert_equal('1.000000', printf('%f', 1))
+        call assert_equal('1.230000', printf('%f', 1.23))
+        call assert_equal('1.230000', printf('%F', 1.23))
+        call assert_equal('9999999.9', printf('%g', 9999999.9))
+        call assert_equal('9999999.9', printf('%G', 9999999.9))
+        call assert_equal('1.00000001e7', printf('%.8g', 10000000.1))
+        call assert_equal('1.00000001E7', printf('%.8G', 10000000.1))
+        call assert_equal('1.230000e+00', printf('%e', 1.23))
+        call assert_equal('1.230000E+00', printf('%E', 1.23))
+        call assert_equal('1.200000e-02', printf('%e', 0.012))
+        call assert_equal('-1.200000e-02', printf('%e', -0.012))
+        call assert_equal('0.33', printf('%.2f', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('  0.33', printf('%6.2f', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal(' -0.33', printf('%6.2f', -1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('000.33', printf('%06.2f', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('-00.33', printf('%06.2f', -1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('-00.33', printf('%+06.2f', -1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('+00.33', printf('%+06.2f', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal(' 00.33', printf('% 06.2f', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('000.33', printf('%06.2g', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('-00.33', printf('%06.2g', -1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('0.33', printf('%3.2f', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('003.33e-01', printf('%010.2e', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal(' 03.33e-01', printf('% 010.2e', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('+03.33e-01', printf('%+010.2e', 1.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('-03.33e-01', printf('%010.2e', -1.0 / 3.0))
+
+        #" When precision is 0, the dot should be omitted.
+        call assert_equal('  2', printf('%3.f', 7.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('  2', printf('%3.g', 7.0 / 3.0))
+        call assert_equal('  2e+00', printf('%7.e', 7.0 / 3.0))
+
+        #" Float zero can be signed.
+        call assert_equal('+0.000000', printf('%+f', 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('0.000000', printf('%f', 1.0 / (1.0 / 0.0)))
+        call assert_equal('-0.000000', printf('%f', 1.0 / (-1.0 / 0.0)))
+        call assert_equal('0.0', printf('%s', 1.0 / (1.0 / 0.0)))
+        call assert_equal('-0.0', printf('%s', 1.0 / (-1.0 / 0.0)))
+        call assert_equal('0.0', printf('%S', 1.0 / (1.0 / 0.0)))
+        call assert_equal('-0.0', printf('%S', 1.0 / (-1.0 / 0.0)))
+
+        #" Float infinity can be signed.
+        call assert_equal('inf', printf('%f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%f', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('inf', printf('%g', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%g', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('inf', printf('%e', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%e', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('INF', printf('%F', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-INF', printf('%F', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('INF', printf('%E', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-INF', printf('%E', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('INF', printf('%E', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-INF', printf('%G', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('+inf', printf('%+f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%+f', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal(' inf', printf('% f',  1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('   inf', printf('%6f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('  -inf', printf('%6f', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('   inf', printf('%6g', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('  -inf', printf('%6g', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('  +inf', printf('%+6f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('   inf', printf('% 6f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('  +inf', printf('%+06f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('inf   ', printf('%-6f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-inf  ', printf('%-6f', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('+inf  ', printf('%-+6f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal(' inf  ', printf('%- 6f', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-INF  ', printf('%-6F', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('+INF  ', printf('%-+6F', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal(' INF  ', printf('%- 6F', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('INF   ', printf('%-6G', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-INF  ', printf('%-6G', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('INF   ', printf('%-6E', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-INF  ', printf('%-6E', -1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('inf', printf('%s', 1.0 / 0.0))
+        call assert_equal('-inf', printf('%s', -1.0 / 0.0))
+
+        #" Test special case where max precision is truncated at 340.
+        call assert_equal('1.000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000', printf('%.330f', 1.0))
+        call assert_equal('1.00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000