Update nginx.conf (#1517)

https://github.com/nextcloud/documentation/blob/master/admin_manual/installation/nginx-root.conf.sample
Signed-off-by: J0WI <J0WI@users.noreply.github.com>

4 files changed, 356 insertions, 370 deletions

diff --git a/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf b/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf
index 62095270..ef8229c1 100644
--- a/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf
+++ b/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf
@@ -33,55 +33,16 @@ http {
     server {
         listen 80;
 
-        # Add headers to serve security related headers
-        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
-        # topic first.
-        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
-        #
+        # HSTS settings
         # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
         # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
         # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
         # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
         # could take several months.
-        add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
-        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
-        add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
-        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
-        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
-        add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
-        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
-
-        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
-        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
-
-        # Path to the root of your installation
-        root /var/www/html;
-
-        location = /robots.txt {
-            allow all;
-            log_not_found off;
-            access_log off;
-        }
-
-        # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;
-
-        # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;
-
-        location = /.well-known/carddav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
-        }
-
-        location = /.well-known/caldav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
-        }
+        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
 
         # set max upload size
-        client_max_body_size 10G;
+        client_max_body_size 512M;
         fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
 
         # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
@@ -92,77 +53,115 @@ http {
         gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
         gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
 
-        # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
-        # This module is currently not supported.
+        # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
+        # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
         #pagespeed off;
 
-        location / {
-            rewrite ^ /index.php;
+        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
+        add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"   always;
+        add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"       always;
+        add_header X-Download-Options                   "noopen"        always;
+        add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"    always;
+        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"          always;
+        add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "none"          always;
+        add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block" always;
+
+        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
+        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
+
+        # Path to the root of your installation
+        root /var/www/html;
+
+        # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
+        # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
+        # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
+        # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
+        # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
+        # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
+        # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
+        # `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
+        # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
+        # always provides the desired behaviour.
+        index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
+
+        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
+        location = / {
+            if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
+                return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
+            }
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
-            deny all;
+        location = /robots.txt {
+            allow all;
+            log_not_found off;
+            access_log off;
         }
-        location ~ ^\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
-            deny all;
+
+        # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
+        # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
+        # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
+        # for `/.well-known`.
+        location ^~ /.well-known {
+            # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
+            # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
+
+            location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
+            location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
+
+            location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
+            location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
+
+            # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
+            # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
+            return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+)\.php(?:$|\/) {
-            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
+        # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
+        location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
+        location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
+
+        # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
+        # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
+        # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
+        # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
+        location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
+            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
             set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
+
             try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
+
             include fastcgi_params;
             fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
             fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
-            # fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
+            #fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
 
-            # Avoid sending the security headers twice
-            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
-
-            # Enable pretty urls
-            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
+            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
+            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
             fastcgi_pass php-handler;
+
             fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
             fastcgi_request_buffering off;
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
-            try_files $uri/ =404;
-            index index.php;
+        location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif)$ {
+            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
+            expires 6M;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
+            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
         }
 
-        # Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
-        # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
-        location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
+        location ~ \.woff2?$ {
             try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
-            add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
-            # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
-            # have those duplicated to the ones above)
-            # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
-            # this topic first.
-            #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
-            #
-            # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
-            # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
-            # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
-            # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
-            # could take several months.
-            add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
-            add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
-            add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
-            add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
-            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
-            add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
-            add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
-
-            # Optional: Don't log access to assets
-            access_log off;
+            expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
+            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
         }
 
-        location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg|bcmap|mp4|webm)$ {
-            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
-            # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
-            access_log off;
+        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
+        location /remote {
+            return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
+        }
+
+        location / {
+            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf b/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf
index 62095270..ef8229c1 100644
--- a/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf
+++ b/.examples/docker-compose/insecure/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf
@@ -33,55 +33,16 @@ http {
     server {
         listen 80;
 
-        # Add headers to serve security related headers
-        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
-        # topic first.
-        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
-        #
+        # HSTS settings
         # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
         # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
         # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
         # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
         # could take several months.
-        add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
-        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
-        add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
-        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
-        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
-        add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
-        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
-
-        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
-        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
-
-        # Path to the root of your installation
-        root /var/www/html;
-
-        location = /robots.txt {
-            allow all;
-            log_not_found off;
-            access_log off;
-        }
-
-        # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;
-
-        # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;
-
-        location = /.well-known/carddav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
-        }
-
-        location = /.well-known/caldav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
-        }
+        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
 
         # set max upload size
-        client_max_body_size 10G;
+        client_max_body_size 512M;
         fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
 
         # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
@@ -92,77 +53,115 @@ http {
         gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
         gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
 
-        # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
-        # This module is currently not supported.
+        # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
+        # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
         #pagespeed off;
 
-        location / {
-            rewrite ^ /index.php;
+        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
+        add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"   always;
+        add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"       always;
+        add_header X-Download-Options                   "noopen"        always;
+        add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"    always;
+        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"          always;
+        add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "none"          always;
+        add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block" always;
+
+        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
+        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
+
+        # Path to the root of your installation
+        root /var/www/html;
+
+        # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
+        # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
+        # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
+        # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
+        # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
+        # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
+        # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
+        # `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
+        # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
+        # always provides the desired behaviour.
+        index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
+
+        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
+        location = / {
+            if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
+                return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
+            }
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
-            deny all;
+        location = /robots.txt {
+            allow all;
+            log_not_found off;
+            access_log off;
         }
-        location ~ ^\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
-            deny all;
+
+        # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
+        # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
+        # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
+        # for `/.well-known`.
+        location ^~ /.well-known {
+            # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
+            # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
+
+            location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
+            location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
+
+            location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
+            location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
+
+            # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
+            # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
+            return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+)\.php(?:$|\/) {
-            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
+        # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
+        location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
+        location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
+
+        # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
+        # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
+        # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
+        # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
+        location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
+            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
             set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
+
             try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
+
             include fastcgi_params;
             fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
             fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
-            # fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
+            #fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
 
-            # Avoid sending the security headers twice
-            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
-
-            # Enable pretty urls
-            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
+            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
+            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
             fastcgi_pass php-handler;
+
             fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
             fastcgi_request_buffering off;
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
-            try_files $uri/ =404;
-            index index.php;
+        location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif)$ {
+            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
+            expires 6M;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
+            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
         }
 
-        # Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
-        # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
-        location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
+        location ~ \.woff2?$ {
             try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
-            add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
-            # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
-            # have those duplicated to the ones above)
-            # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
-            # this topic first.
-            #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
-            #
-            # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
-            # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
-            # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
-            # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
-            # could take several months.
-            add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
-            add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
-            add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
-            add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
-            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
-            add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
-            add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
-
-            # Optional: Don't log access to assets
-            access_log off;
+            expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
+            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
         }
 
-        location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg|bcmap|mp4|webm)$ {
-            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
-            # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
-            access_log off;
+        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
+        location /remote {
+            return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
+        }
+
+        location / {
+            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf b/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf
index 36f591d4..ef8229c1 100644
--- a/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf
+++ b/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/mariadb/fpm/web/nginx.conf
@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ http {
 
     keepalive_timeout  65;
 
-    set_real_ip_from  10.0.0.0/8;
-    set_real_ip_from  172.16.0.0/12;
-    set_real_ip_from  192.168.0.0/16;
-    real_ip_header    X-Real-IP;
-
     #gzip  on;
 
     upstream php-handler {
@@ -38,55 +33,16 @@ http {
     server {
         listen 80;
 
-        # Add headers to serve security related headers
-        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
-        # topic first.
-        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
-        #
+        # HSTS settings
         # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
         # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
         # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
         # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
         # could take several months.
-        add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
-        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
-        add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
-        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
-        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
-        add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
-        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
-
-        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
-        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
-
-        # Path to the root of your installation
-        root /var/www/html;
-
-        location = /robots.txt {
-            allow all;
-            log_not_found off;
-            access_log off;
-        }
-
-        # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;
-
-        # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;
-
-        location = /.well-known/carddav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
-        }
-
-        location = /.well-known/caldav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
-        }
+        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
 
         # set max upload size
-        client_max_body_size 10G;
+        client_max_body_size 512M;
         fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
 
         # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
@@ -97,77 +53,115 @@ http {
         gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
         gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
 
-        # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
-        # This module is currently not supported.
+        # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
+        # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
         #pagespeed off;
 
-        location / {
-            rewrite ^ /index.php;
+        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
+        add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"   always;
+        add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"       always;
+        add_header X-Download-Options                   "noopen"        always;
+        add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"    always;
+        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"          always;
+        add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "none"          always;
+        add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block" always;
+
+        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
+        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
+
+        # Path to the root of your installation
+        root /var/www/html;
+
+        # Specify how to handle directories -- specifying `/index.php$request_uri`
+        # here as the fallback means that Nginx always exhibits the desired behaviour
+        # when a client requests a path that corresponds to a directory that exists
+        # on the server. In particular, if that directory contains an index.php file,
+        # that file is correctly served; if it doesn't, then the request is passed to
+        # the front-end controller. This consistent behaviour means that we don't need
+        # to specify custom rules for certain paths (e.g. images and other assets,
+        # `/updater`, `/ocm-provider`, `/ocs-provider`), and thus
+        # `try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri`
+        # always provides the desired behaviour.
+        index index.php index.html /index.php$request_uri;
+
+        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess` to handle Microsoft DAV clients
+        location = / {
+            if ( $http_user_agent ~ ^DavClnt ) {
+                return 302 /remote.php/webdav/$is_args$args;
+            }
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
-            deny all;
+        location = /robots.txt {
+            allow all;
+            log_not_found off;
+            access_log off;
         }
-        location ~ ^\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
-            deny all;
+
+        # Make a regex exception for `/.well-known` so that clients can still
+        # access it despite the existence of the regex rule
+        # `location ~ /(\.|autotest|...)` which would otherwise handle requests
+        # for `/.well-known`.
+        location ^~ /.well-known {
+            # The rules in this block are an adaptation of the rules
+            # in `.htaccess` that concern `/.well-known`.
+
+            location = /.well-known/carddav { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
+            location = /.well-known/caldav  { return 301 /remote.php/dav/; }
+
+            location /.well-known/acme-challenge    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
+            location /.well-known/pki-validation    { try_files $uri $uri/ =404; }
+
+            # Let Nextcloud's API for `/.well-known` URIs handle all other
+            # requests by passing them to the front-end controller.
+            return 301 /index.php$request_uri;
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+)\.php(?:$|\/) {
-            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
+        # Rules borrowed from `.htaccess` to hide certain paths from clients
+        location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)(?:$|/)  { return 404; }
+        location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console)                { return 404; }
+
+        # Ensure this block, which passes PHP files to the PHP process, is above the blocks
+        # which handle static assets (as seen below). If this block is not declared first,
+        # then Nginx will encounter an infinite rewriting loop when it prepends `/index.php`
+        # to the URI, resulting in a HTTP 500 error response.
+        location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {
+            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
             set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
+
             try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
+
             include fastcgi_params;
             fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
             fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
-            # fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
+            #fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
 
-            # Avoid sending the security headers twice
-            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
-
-            # Enable pretty urls
-            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
+            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;         # Avoid sending the security headers twice
+            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;     # Enable pretty urls
             fastcgi_pass php-handler;
+
             fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
             fastcgi_request_buffering off;
         }
 
-        location ~ ^\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
-            try_files $uri/ =404;
-            index index.php;
+        location ~ \.(?:css|js|svg|gif)$ {
+            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
+            expires 6M;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
+            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
         }
 
-        # Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
-        # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
-        location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
+        location ~ \.woff2?$ {
             try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
-            add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
-            # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
-            # have those duplicated to the ones above)
-            # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
-            # this topic first.
-            #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
-            #
-            # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
-            # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
-            # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
-            # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
-            # could take several months.
-            add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
-            add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
-            add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
-            add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
-            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
-            add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
-            add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
-
-            # Optional: Don't log access to assets
-            access_log off;
+            expires 7d;         # Cache-Control policy borrowed from `.htaccess`
+            access_log off;     # Optional: Don't log access to assets
         }
 
-        location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg|bcmap|mp4|webm)$ {
-            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
-            # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
-            access_log off;
+        # Rule borrowed from `.htaccess`
+        location /remote {
+            return 301 /remote.php$request_uri;
+        }
+
+        location / {
+            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$request_uri;
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf b/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf
index 36f591d4..ef8229c1 100644
--- a/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf
+++ b/.examples/docker-compose/with-nginx-proxy/postgres/fpm/web/nginx.conf
@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@ http {
 
     keepalive_timeout  65;
 
-    set_real_ip_from  10.0.0.0/8;
-    set_real_ip_from  172.16.0.0/12;
-    set_real_ip_from  192.168.0.0/16;
-    real_ip_header    X-Real-IP;
-
     #gzip  on;
 
     upstream php-handler {
@@ -38,55 +33,16 @@ http {
     server {
         listen 80;
 
-        # Add headers to serve security related headers
-        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
-        # topic first.
-        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
-        #
+        # HSTS settings
         # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
         # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
         # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
         # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
         # could take several months.
-        add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
-        add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
-        add_header X-Download-Options "noopen" always;
-        add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN" always;
-        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies "none" always;
-        add_header X-Robots-Tag "none" always;
-        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" always;
-
-        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
-        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;
-
-        # Path to the root of your installation
-        root /var/www/html;
-
-        location = /robots.txt {
-            allow all;
-            log_not_found off;
-            access_log off;
-        }
-
-        # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;
-
-        # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
-        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
-        #rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;
-
-        location = /.well-known/carddav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
-        }
-
-        location = /.well-known/caldav {
-            return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
-        }
+        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;" always;
 
         # set max upload size
-        client_max_body_size 10G;
+        client_max_body_size 512M;
         fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
 
         # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
@@ -97,77 +53,115 @@ http {
         gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
         gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;
 
-        # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
-        # This module is currently not supported.
+        # Pagespeed is not supported by Nextcloud, so if your server is built
+        # with the `ngx_pagespeed` module, uncomment this line to disable it.
         #pagespeed off;
 
-        location / {
-            rewrite ^ /index.php;
+        # HTTP response headers borrowed from Nextcloud `.htaccess`
+        add_header Referrer-Policy                      "no-referrer"   always;
+        add_header X-Content-Type-Options               "nosniff"       always;
+        add_header X-Download-Options                   "noopen"        always;
+        add_header X-Frame-Options                      "SAMEORIGIN"    always;
+        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies    "none"          always;
+        add_header X-Robots-Tag                         "none"          always;
+        add_header X-XSS-Protection                     "1; mode=block" always;
+</