path: root/kernel/rcu/tree.h

/*
 * Read-Copy Update mechanism for mutual exclusion (tree-based version)
 * Internal non-public definitions.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
 * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
 *
 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2008
 *
 * Author: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
 *	   Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
 */

#include <linux/cache.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/threads.h>
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/seqlock.h>
#include <linux/stop_machine.h>

/*
 * Define shape of hierarchy based on NR_CPUS, CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT, and
 * CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF.
 * In theory, it should be possible to add more levels straightforwardly.
 * In practice, this did work well going from three levels to four.
 * Of course, your mileage may vary.
 */

#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT
#define RCU_FANOUT CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT
#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT */
# ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
# define RCU_FANOUT 64
# else
# define RCU_FANOUT 32
# endif
#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT */

#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF
#define RCU_FANOUT_LEAF CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF
#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF */
# ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
# define RCU_FANOUT_LEAF 64
# else
# define RCU_FANOUT_LEAF 32
# endif
#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT_LEAF */

#define RCU_FANOUT_1	      (RCU_FANOUT_LEAF)
#define RCU_FANOUT_2	      (RCU_FANOUT_1 * RCU_FANOUT)
#define RCU_FANOUT_3	      (RCU_FANOUT_2 * RCU_FANOUT)
#define RCU_FANOUT_4	      (RCU_FANOUT_3 * RCU_FANOUT)

#if NR_CPUS <= RCU_FANOUT_1
#  define RCU_NUM_LVLS	      1
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_0	      1
#  define NUM_RCU_NODES	      NUM_RCU_LVL_0
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_INIT    { NUM_RCU_LVL_0 }
#  define RCU_NODE_NAME_INIT  { "rcu_node_0" }
#  define RCU_FQS_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_fqs_0" }
#  define RCU_EXP_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_exp_0" }
#elif NR_CPUS <= RCU_FANOUT_2
#  define RCU_NUM_LVLS	      2
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_0	      1
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_1	      DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT_1)
#  define NUM_RCU_NODES	      (NUM_RCU_LVL_0 + NUM_RCU_LVL_1)
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_INIT    { NUM_RCU_LVL_0, NUM_RCU_LVL_1 }
#  define RCU_NODE_NAME_INIT  { "rcu_node_0", "rcu_node_1" }
#  define RCU_FQS_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_fqs_0", "rcu_node_fqs_1" }
#  define RCU_EXP_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_exp_0", "rcu_node_exp_1" }
#elif NR_CPUS <= RCU_FANOUT_3
#  define RCU_NUM_LVLS	      3
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_0	      1
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_1	      DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT_2)
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_2	      DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT_1)
#  define NUM_RCU_NODES	      (NUM_RCU_LVL_0 + NUM_RCU_LVL_1 + NUM_RCU_LVL_2)
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_INIT    { NUM_RCU_LVL_0, NUM_RCU_LVL_1, NUM_RCU_LVL_2 }
#  define RCU_NODE_NAME_INIT  { "rcu_node_0", "rcu_node_1", "rcu_node_2" }
#  define RCU_FQS_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_fqs_0", "rcu_node_fqs_1", "rcu_node_fqs_2" }
#  define RCU_EXP_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_exp_0", "rcu_node_exp_1", "rcu_node_exp_2" }
#elif NR_CPUS <= RCU_FANOUT_4
#  define RCU_NUM_LVLS	      4
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_0	      1
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_1	      DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT_3)
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_2	      DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT_2)
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_3	      DIV_ROUND_UP(NR_CPUS, RCU_FANOUT_1)
#  define NUM_RCU_NODES	      (NUM_RCU_LVL_0 + NUM_RCU_LVL_1 + NUM_RCU_LVL_2 + NUM_RCU_LVL_3)
#  define NUM_RCU_LVL_INIT    { NUM_RCU_LVL_0, NUM_RCU_LVL_1, NUM_RCU_LVL_2, NUM_RCU_LVL_3 }
#  define RCU_NODE_NAME_INIT  { "rcu_node_0", "rcu_node_1", "rcu_node_2", "rcu_node_3" }
#  define RCU_FQS_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_fqs_0", "rcu_node_fqs_1", "rcu_node_fqs_2", "rcu_node_fqs_3" }
#  define RCU_EXP_NAME_INIT   { "rcu_node_exp_0", "rcu_node_exp_1", "rcu_node_exp_2", "rcu_node_exp_3" }
#else
# error "CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT insufficient for NR_CPUS"
#endif /* #if (NR_CPUS) <= RCU_FANOUT_1 */

extern int rcu_num_lvls;
extern int rcu_num_nodes;

/*
 * Dynticks per-CPU state.
 */
struct rcu_dynticks {
	long long dynticks_nesting; /* Track irq/process nesting level. */
				    /* Process level is worth LLONG_MAX/2. */
	int dynticks_nmi_nesting;   /* Track NMI nesting level. */
	atomic_t dynticks;	    /* Even value for idle, else odd. */
#ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE
	long long dynticks_idle_nesting;
				    /* irq/process nesting level from idle. */
	atomic_t dynticks_idle;	    /* Even value for idle, else odd. */
				    /*  "Idle" excludes userspace execution. */
	unsigned long dynticks_idle_jiffies;
				    /* End of last non-NMI non-idle period. */
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL_SYSIDLE */
#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ
	bool all_lazy;		    /* Are all CPU's CBs lazy? */
	unsigned long nonlazy_posted;
				    /* # times non-lazy CBs posted to CPU. */
	unsigned long nonlazy_posted_snap;
				    /* idle-period nonlazy_posted snapshot. */
	unsigned long last_accelerate;
				    /* Last jiffy CBs were accelerated. */
	unsigned long last_advance_all;
				    /* Last jiffy CBs were all advanced. */
	int tick_nohz_enabled_snap; /* Previously seen value from sysfs. */
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_FAST_NO_HZ */
};

/* RCU's kthread states for tracing. */
#define RCU_KTHREAD_STOPPED  0
#define RCU_KTHREAD_RUNNING  1
#define RCU_KTHREAD_WAITING  2
#define RCU_KTHREAD_OFFCPU   3
#define RCU_KTHREAD_YIELDING 4
#define RCU_KTHREAD_MAX      4

/*
 * Definition for node within the RCU grace-period-detection hierarchy.
 */
struct rcu_node {
	raw_spinlock_t lock;	/* Root rcu_node's lock protects some */
				/*  rcu_state fields as well as following. */
	unsigned long gpnum;	/* Current grace period for this node. */
				/*  This will either be equal to or one */
				/*  behind the root rcu_node's gpnum. */
	unsigned long completed; /* Last GP completed for this node. */
				/*  This will either be equal to or one */
				/*  behind the root rcu_node's gpnum. */
	unsigned long qsmask;	/* CPUs or groups that need to switch in */
				/*  order for current grace period to proceed.*/
				/*  In leaf rcu_node, each bit corresponds to */
				/*  an rcu_data structure, otherwise, each */
				/*  bit corresponds to a child rcu_node */
				/*  structure. */
	unsigned long qsmaskinit;
				/* Per-GP initial value for qsmask. */
				/*  Initialized from ->qsmaskinitnext at the */
				/*  beginning of each grace period. */
	unsigned long qsmaskinitnext;
				/* Online CPUs for next grace period. */
	unsigned long expmask;	/* CPUs or groups that need to check in */
				/*  to allow the current expedited GP */
				/*  to complete. */
	unsigned long expmaskinit;
				/* Per-GP initial values for expmask. */
				/*  Initialized from ->expmaskinitnext at the */
				/*  beginning of each expedited GP. */
	unsigned long expmaskinitnext;
				/* Online CPUs for next expedited GP. */
				/*  Any CPU that has ever been online will */
				/*  have its bit set. */
	unsigned long grpmask;	/* Mask to apply to parent qsmask. */
				/*  Only one bit will be set in this mask. */
	int	grplo;		/* lowest-numbered CPU or group here. */
	int	grphi;		/* highest-numbered CPU or group here. */
	u8	grpnum;		/* CPU/group number for next level up. */
	u8	level;		/* root is at level 0. */
	bool	wait_blkd_tasks;/* Necessary to wait for blocked tasks to */
				/*  exit RCU read-side critical sections */
				/*  before propagating offline up the */
				/*  rcu_node tree? */
	struct rcu_node *parent;
	struct list_head blkd_tasks;
				/* Tasks blocked in RCU read-side critical */
				/*  section.  Tasks are placed at the head */
				/*  of this list and age towards the tail. */
	struct list_head *gp_tasks;
				/* Pointer to the first task blocking the */
				/*  current grace period, or NULL if there */
				/*  is no such task. */
	struct list_head *exp_tasks;
				/* Pointer to the first task blocking the */
				/*  current expedited grace period, or NULL */
				/*  if there is no such task.  If there */
				/*  is no current expedited grace period, */
				/*  then there can cannot be any such task. */
	struct list_head *boost_tasks;
				/* Pointer to first task that needs to be */
				/*  priority boosted, or NULL if no priority */
				/*  boosting is needed for this rcu_node */
				/*  structure.  If there are no tasks */
				/*  queued on this rcu_node structure that */
				/*  are blocking the current grace period, */
				/*  there can be no such task. */
	struct rt_mutex boost_mtx;
				/* Used only for the priority-boosting */
				/*  side effect, not as a lock. */
	unsigned long boost_time;
				/* When to start boosting (jiffies). */
	struct task_struct *boost_kthread_task;
				/* kthread that takes care of priority */
				/*  boosting for this rcu_node structure. */
	unsigned int boost_kthread_status;
				/* State of boost_kthread_task for tracing. */
	unsigned long n_tasks_boosted;
				/* Total number of tasks boosted. */
	unsigned long n_exp_boosts;
				/* Number of tasks boosted for expedited GP. */
	unsigned long n_normal_boosts;
				/* Number of tasks boosted for normal GP. */
	unsigned long n_balk_blkd_tasks;
				/* Refused to boost: no blocked tasks. */
	unsigned long n_balk_exp_gp_tasks;
				/* Refused to boost: nothing blocking GP. */
	unsigned long n_balk_boost_tasks;
				/* Refused to boost: already boosting. */
	unsigned long n_balk_notblocked;
				/* Refused to boost: RCU RS CS still running. */
	unsigned long n_balk_notyet;
				/* Refused to boost: not yet time. */
	unsigned long n_balk_nos;
				/* Refused to boost: not sure why, though. */
				/*  This can happen due to race conditions. */
#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU
	wait_queue_head_t nocb_gp_wq[2];
				/* Place for rcu_nocb_kthread() to wait GP. */
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU */
	int need_future_gp[2];
				/* Counts of upcoming no-CB GP requests. */
	raw_spinlock_t fqslock ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;

	struct mutex exp_funnel_mutex ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;

/*
 * Do a full breadth-first scan of the rcu_node structures for the
 * specified rcu_state structure.
 */
#define rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) \
	for ((rnp) = &(rsp)->node[0]; \
	     (rnp) < &(rsp)->node[rcu_num_nodes]; (rnp)++)

/*
 * Do a breadth-first scan of the non-leaf rcu_node structures for the
 * specified rcu_state structure.  Note that if there is a singleton
 * rcu_node tree with but one rcu_node structure, this loop is a no-op.
 */
#define rcu_for_each_nonleaf_node_breadth_first(rsp, rnp) \
	for ((rnp) = &(rsp)->node[0]; \
	     (rnp) < (rsp)->level[rcu_num_lvls - 1]; (rnp)++)

/*
 * Scan the leaves of the rcu_node hierarchy for the specified rcu_state
 * structure.  Note that if there is a singleton rcu_node tree with but
 * one rcu_node structure, this loop -will- visit the rcu_node structure.
 * It is still a leaf node, even if it is also the root node.
 */
#define rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rsp, rnp) \
	for ((rnp) = (rsp)->level[rcu_num_lvls - 1]; \
	     (rnp) < &(rsp)->node[rcu_num_nodes]; (rnp)++)

/*
 * Union to allow "aggregate OR" operation on the need for a quiescent
 * state by the normal and expedited grace periods.
 */
union rcu_noqs {
	struct {
		u8 norm;
		u8 exp;
	} b; /* Bits. */
	u16 s; /* Set of bits, aggregate OR here. */
};

/* Index values for nxttail array in struct rcu_data. */
#define RCU_DONE_TAIL		0	/* Also RCU_WAIT head. */
#define RCU_WAIT_TAIL		1	/* Also RCU_NEXT_READY head. */
#define RCU_NEXT_READY_TAIL	2	/* Also RCU_NEXT head. */
#define RCU_NEXT_TAIL		3
#define RCU_NEXT_SIZE		4

/* Per-CPU data for read-copy update. */
struct rcu_data {
	/* 1) quiescent-state and grace-period handling : */
	unsigned long	completed;	/* Track rsp->completed gp number */
					/*  in order to detect GP end. */
	unsigned long	gpnum;		/* Highest gp number that this CPU */
					/*  is aware of having started. */
	unsigned long	rcu_qs_ctr_snap;/* Snapshot of rcu_qs_ctr to check */
					/*  for rcu_all_qs() invocations. */
	union rcu_noqs	cpu_no_qs;	/* No QSes yet for this CPU. */
	bool		core_needs_qs;	/* Core waits for quiesc state. */
	bool		beenonline;	/* CPU online at least once. */
	bool		gpwrap;		/* Possible gpnum/completed wrap. */
	struct rcu_node *mynode;	/* This CPU's leaf of hierarchy */
	unsigned long grpmask;		/* Mask to apply to leaf qsmask. */
	unsigned