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|
/*
* Ultra Wide Band
* AES-128 CCM Encryption
*
* Copyright (C) 2007 Intel Corporation
* Inaky Perez-Gonzalez <inaky.perez-gonzalez@intel.com>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
* 02110-1301, USA.
*
*
* We don't do any encryption here; we use the Linux Kernel's AES-128
* crypto modules to construct keys and payload blocks in a way
* defined by WUSB1.0[6]. Check the erratas, as typos are are patched
* there.
*
* Thanks a zillion to John Keys for his help and clarifications over
* the designed-by-a-committee text.
*
* So the idea is that there is this basic Pseudo-Random-Function
* defined in WUSB1.0[6.5] which is the core of everything. It works
* by tweaking some blocks, AES crypting them and then xoring
* something else with them (this seems to be called CBC(AES) -- can
* you tell I know jack about crypto?). So we just funnel it into the
* Linux Crypto API.
*
* We leave a crypto test module so we can verify that vectors match,
* every now and then.
*
* Block size: 16 bytes -- AES seems to do things in 'block sizes'. I
* am learning a lot...
*
* Conveniently, some data structures that need to be
* funneled through AES are...16 bytes in size!
*/
#include <crypto/skcipher.h>
#include <linux/crypto.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/uwb.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/usb/wusb.h>
#include <linux/scatterlist.h>
static int debug_crypto_verify;
module_param(debug_crypto_verify, int, 0);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug_crypto_verify, "verify the key generation algorithms");
static void wusb_key_dump(const void *buf, size_t len)
{
print_hex_dump(KERN_ERR, " ", DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET, 16, 1,
buf, len, 0);
}
/*
* Block of data, as understood by AES-CCM
*
* The code assumes this structure is nothing but a 16 byte array
* (packed in a struct to avoid common mess ups that I usually do with
* arrays and enforcing type checking).
*/
struct aes_ccm_block {
u8 data[16];
} __attribute__((packed));
/*
* Counter-mode Blocks (WUSB1.0[6.4])
*
* According to CCM (or so it seems), for the purpose of calculating
* the MIC, the message is broken in N counter-mode blocks, B0, B1,
* ... BN.
*
* B0 contains flags, the CCM nonce and l(m).
*
* B1 contains l(a), the MAC header, the encryption offset and padding.
*
* If EO is nonzero, additional blocks are built from payload bytes
* until EO is exhausted (FIXME: padding to 16 bytes, I guess). The
* padding is not xmitted.
*/
/* WUSB1.0[T6.4] */
struct aes_ccm_b0 {
u8 flags; /* 0x59, per CCM spec */
struct aes_ccm_nonce ccm_nonce;
__be16 lm;
} __attribute__((packed));
/* WUSB1.0[T6.5] */
struct aes_ccm_b1 {
__be16 la;
u8 mac_header[10];
__le16 eo;
u8 security_reserved; /* This is always zero */
u8 padding; /* 0 */
} __attribute__((packed));
/*
* Encryption Blocks (WUSB1.0[6.4.4])
*
* CCM uses Ax blocks to generate a keystream with which the MIC and
* the message's payload are encoded. A0 always encrypts/decrypts the
* MIC. Ax (x>0) are used for the successive payload blocks.
*
* The x is the counter, and is increased for each block.
*/
struct aes_ccm_a {
u8 flags; /* 0x01, per CCM spec */
struct aes_ccm_nonce ccm_nonce;
__be16 counter; /* Value of x */
} __attribute__((packed));
static void bytewise_xor(void *_bo, const void *_bi1, const void *_bi2,
size_t size)
{
u8 *bo = _bo;
const u8 *bi1 = _bi1, *bi2 = _bi2;
size_t itr;
for (itr = 0; itr < size; itr++)
bo[itr] = bi1[itr] ^ bi2[itr];
}
/*
* CC-MAC function WUSB1.0[6.5]
*
* Take a data string and produce the encrypted CBC Counter-mode MIC
*
* Note the names for most function arguments are made to (more or
* less) match those used in the pseudo-function definition given in
* WUSB1.0[6.5].
*
* @tfm_cbc: CBC(AES) blkcipher handle (initialized)
*
* @tfm_aes: AES cipher handle (initialized)
*
* @mic: buffer for placing the computed MIC (Message Integrity
* Code). This is exactly 8 bytes, and we expect the buffer to
* be at least eight bytes in length.
*
* @key: 128 bit symmetric key
*
* @n: CCM nonce
*
* @a: ASCII string, 14 bytes long (I guess zero padded if needed;
* we use exactly 14 bytes).
*
* @b: data stream to be processed; cannot be a global or const local
* (will confuse the scatterlists)
*
* @blen: size of b...
*
* Still not very clear how this is done, but looks like this: we
* create block B0 (as WUSB1.0[6.5] says), then we AES-crypt it with
* @key. We bytewise xor B0 with B1 (1) and AES-crypt that. Then we
* take the payload and divide it in blocks (16 bytes), xor them with
* the previous crypto result (16 bytes) and crypt it, repeat the next
* block with the output of the previous one, rinse wash (I guess this
* is what AES CBC mode means...but I truly have no idea). So we use
* the CBC(AES) blkcipher, that does precisely that. The IV (Initial
* Vector) is 16 bytes and is set to zero, so
*
* See rfc3610. Linux crypto has a CBC implementation, but the
* documentation is scarce, to say the least, and the example code is
* so intricated that is difficult to understand how things work. Most
* of this is guess work -- bite me.
*
* (1) Created as 6.5 says, again, using as l(a) 'Blen + 14', and
* using the 14 bytes of @a to fill up
* b1.{mac_header,e0,security_reserved,padding}.
*
* NOTE: The definition of l(a) in WUSB1.0[6.5] vs the definition of
* l(m) is orthogonal, they bear no relationship, so it is not
* in conflict with the parameter's relation that
* WUSB1.0[6.4.2]) defines.
*
* NOTE: WUSB1.0[A.1]: Host Nonce is missing a nibble? (1e); fixed in
* first errata released on 2005/07.
*
* NOTE: we need to clean IV to zero at each invocation to make sure
* we start with a fresh empty Initial Vector, so that the CBC
* works ok.
*
* NOTE: blen is not aligned to a block size, we'll pad zeros, that's
* what sg[4] is for. Maybe there is a smarter way to do this.
*/
static int wusb_ccm_mac(struct crypto_skcipher *tfm_cbc,
struct crypto_cipher *tfm_aes, void *mic,
const struct aes_ccm_nonce *n,
const struct aes_ccm_label *a, const void *b,
size_t blen)
{
int result = 0;
SKCIPHER_REQUEST_ON_STACK(req, tfm_cbc);
struct aes_ccm_b0 b0;
struct aes_ccm_b1 b1;
struct aes_ccm_a ax;
struct scatterlist sg[4], sg_dst;
void *dst_buf;
size_t dst_size;
const u8 bzero[16] = { 0 };
u8 iv[crypto_skcipher_ivsize(tfm_cbc)];
size_t zero_padding;
/*
* These checks should be compile time optimized out
* ensure @a fills b1's mac_header and following fields
*/
WARN_ON(sizeof(*a) != sizeof(b1) - sizeof(b1.la));
WARN_ON(sizeof(b0) != sizeof(struct aes_ccm_block));
WARN_ON(sizeof(b1) != sizeof(struct aes_ccm_block));
WARN_ON(sizeof(ax) != sizeof(struct aes_ccm_block));
result = -ENOMEM;
zero_padding = blen % sizeof(struct aes_ccm_block);
if (zero_padding)
zero_padding = sizeof(struct aes_ccm_block) - zero_padding;
dst_size = blen + sizeof(b0) + sizeof(b1) + zero_padding;
dst_buf = kzalloc(dst_size, GFP_KERNEL);
if (dst_buf == NULL) {
printk(KERN_ERR "E: can't alloc destination buffer\n");
goto error_dst_buf;
}
memset(iv, 0, sizeof(iv));
/* Setup B0 */
b0.flags = 0x59; /* Format B0 */
b0.ccm_nonce = *n;
b0.lm = cpu_to_be16(0); /* WUSB1.0[6.5] sez l(m) is 0 */
/* Setup B1
*
* The WUSB spec is anything but clear! WUSB1.0[6.5]
* says that to initialize B1 from A with 'l(a) = blen +
* 14'--after clarification, it means to use A's contents
* for MAC Header, EO, sec reserved and padding.
*/
b1.la = cpu_to_be16(blen + 14);
memcpy(&b1.mac_header, a, sizeof(*a));
sg_init_table(sg, ARRAY_SIZE(sg));
sg_set_buf(&sg[0], &b0, sizeof(b0));
sg_set_buf(&sg[1], &b1, sizeof(b1));
sg_set_buf(&sg[2], b, blen);
/* 0 if well behaved :) */
sg_set_buf(&sg[3], bzero, zero_padding);
sg_init_one(&sg_dst, dst_buf, dst_size);
skcipher_request_set_tfm(req, tfm_cbc);
skcipher_request_set_callback(req, 0, NULL, NULL);
skcipher_request_set_crypt(req, sg, &sg_dst, dst_size, iv);
result = crypto_skcipher_encrypt(req);
skcipher_request_zero(req);
if (result < 0) {
printk(KERN_ERR "E: can't compute CBC-MAC tag (MIC): %d\n",
result);
goto error_cbc_crypt;
}
/* Now we crypt the MIC Tag (*iv) with Ax -- values per WUSB1.0[6.5]
* The procedure is to AES crypt the A0 block and XOR the MIC
* Tag against it; we only do the first 8 bytes and place it
* directly in the destination buffer.
*
* POS Crypto API: size is assumed to be AES's block size.
* Thanks for documenting it -- tip taken from airo.c
*/
ax.flags = 0x01; /* as per WUSB 1.0 spec */
ax.ccm_nonce = *n;
ax.counter = 0;
crypto_cipher_encrypt_one(tfm_aes, (void *)&ax, (void *)&ax);
bytewise_xor(mic, &ax, iv, 8);
result = 8;
error_cbc_crypt:
kfree(dst_buf);
error_dst_buf:
return result;
}
/*
* WUSB Pseudo Random Function (WUSB1.0[6.5])
*
* @b: buffer to the source data; cannot be a global or const local
* (will confuse the scatterlists)
*/
ssize_t wusb_prf(void *out, size_t out_size,
const u8 key[16], const struct aes_ccm_nonce *_n,
const struct aes_ccm_label *a,
const void *b, size_t blen, size_t len)
{
ssize_t result, bytes = 0, bitr;
struct aes_ccm_nonce n
|