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----
-title: Base 模板 and Blocks
-linktitle:
-description: The base and block constructs allow you to define the outer shell of your master templates (i.e., the chrome of the page).
-date: 2017-02-01
-publishdate: 2018-08-11
-lastmod: 2017-02-01
-categories: [templates,fundamentals]
-keywords: [blocks,base]
-menu:
- docs:
- parent: "templates"
- weight: 20
-weight: 20
-sections_weight: 20
-draft: false
-aliases: [/templates/blocks/,/templates/base-templates-and-blocks/]
-toc: true
----
-
-The `block` keyword allows you to define the outer shell of your pages' one or more master template(s) and then fill in or override portions as necessary.
-
-{{< youtube QVOMCYitLEc >}}
-
-## Base Template Lookup Order
-
-The [lookup order][lookup] for base templates is as follows:
-
-1. `/layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
-2. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
-3. `/layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html`
-4. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/<TYPE>/baseof.html`
-5. `/layouts/section/baseof.html`
-6. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/section/baseof.html`
-7. `/layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
-8. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/<TYPE>-baseof.html`
-9. `/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
-10. `/themes/<THEME>/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
-
-Variables are denoted by capitalized text set within `<>`. Note that Hugo's default behavior is for `type` to inherit from `section` unless otherwise specified.
-
-### Example Base Template Lookup Order
-
-As an example, let's assume your site is using a theme called "mytheme" when rendering the section list for a `posts` section. Hugo picks `layout/section/posts.html` as the template for [rendering the section]. The `{{define}}` block in this template tells Hugo that the template is an extension of a base template.
-
-Here is the lookup order for the `posts` base template:
-
-1. `/layouts/section/posts-baseof.html`
-2. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/section/posts-baseof.html`
-3. `/layouts/posts/baseof.html`
-4. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/posts/baseof.html`
-5. `/layouts/section/baseof.html`
-6. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/section/baseof.html`
-7. `/layouts/_default/posts-baseof.html`
-8. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/posts-baseof.html`
-9. `/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
-10. `/themes/mytheme/layouts/_default/baseof.html`
-
-## Define the Base Template
-
-The following defines a simple base template at `_default/baseof.html`. As a default template, it is the shell from which all your pages will be rendered unless you specify another `*baseof.html` closer to the beginning of the lookup order.
-
-{{< code file="layouts/_default/baseof.html" download="baseof.html" >}}
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html>
- <head>
- <meta charset="utf-8">
- <title>{{ block "title" . }}
- <!-- Blocks may include default content. -->
- {{ .Site.Title }}
- {{ end }}</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <!-- Code that all your templates share, like a header -->
- {{ block "main" . }}
- <!-- The part of the page that begins to differ between templates -->
- {{ end }}
- {{ block "footer" . }}
- <!-- More shared code, perhaps a footer but that can be overridden if need be in -->
- {{ end }}
- </body>
-</html>
-{{< /code >}}
-
-## Override the Base Template
-
-From the above base template, you can define a [default list template][hugolists]. The default list template will inherit all of the code defined above and can then implement its own `"main"` block from:
-
-{{< code file="layouts/_default/list.html" download="list.html" >}}
-{{ define "main" }}
- <h1>Posts</h1>
- {{ range .Pages }}
- <article>
- <h2>{{ .Title }}</h2>
- {{ .Content }}
- </article>
- {{ end }}
-{{ end }}
-{{< /code >}}
-
-This replaces the contents of our (basically empty) "main" block with something useful for the list template. In this case, we didn't define a `"title"` block, so the contents from our base template remain unchanged in lists.
-
-{{% warning %}}
-Code that you put outside the block definitions *can* break your layout. This even includes HTML comments. For example:
-
-```
-<!-- Seemingly harmless HTML comment..that will break your layout at build -->
-{{ define "main" }}
-...your code here
-{{ end }}
-```
-[See this thread from the Hugo discussion forums.](https://discourse.gohugo.io/t/baseof-html-block-templates-and-list-types-results-in-empty-pages/5612/6)
-{{% /warning %}}
-
-The following shows how you can override both the `"main"` and `"title"` block areas from the base template with code unique to your [default single page template][singletemplate]:
-
-{{< code file="layouts/_default/single.html" download="single.html" >}}
-{{ define "title" }}
- <!-- This will override the default value set in baseof.html; i.e., "{{.Site.Title}}" in the original example-->
- {{ .Title }} &ndash; {{ .Site.Title }}
-{{ end }}
-{{ define "main" }}
- <h1>{{ .Title }}</h1>
- {{ .Content }}
-{{ end }}
-{{< /code >}}
-
-[hugolists]: /templates/lists
-[lookup]: /templates/lookup-order/
-[rendering the section]: /templates/section-templates/
-[singletemplate]: /templates/single-page-templates/