Instead of every command resolving the target (-t or -s) itself, prepare

the state (client, session, winlink, pane) for it it before entering the
command. Each command provides some flags that tell the prepare step
what it is expecting.

This is a requirement for having hooks on commands (for example, if you
hook "select-window -t1:2", the hook command should to operate on window
1:2 not whatever it thinks is the current window), and should allow some
other target improvements.

The old cmd_find_* functions remain for the moment but that layer will
be dropped later.

Joint work with Thomas Adam.

56 files changed, 605 insertions, 598 deletions

diff --git a/cmd-attach-session.c b/cmd-attach-session.c
index 00ced9df..c29e9d1a 100644
--- a/cmd-attach-session.c
+++ b/cmd-attach-session.c
@@ -36,48 +36,27 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_attach_session_entry = {
 	"attach-session", "attach",
 	"c:dErt:", 0, 0,
 	"[-dEr] [-c working-directory] " CMD_TARGET_SESSION_USAGE,
-	CMD_STARTSERVER,
+	CMD_STARTSERVER|CMD_SESSION_T|CMD_PANE_T|CMD_PREFERUNATTACHED,
 	cmd_attach_session_exec
 };
 
 enum cmd_retval
-cmd_attach_session(struct cmd_q *cmdq, const char *tflag, int dflag, int rflag,
-    const char *cflag, int Eflag)
+cmd_attach_session(struct cmd_q *cmdq, int dflag, int rflag, const char *cflag,
+    int Eflag)
 {
-	struct session		*s;
+	struct session		*s = cmdq->state.tflag.s;
 	struct client		*c = cmdq->client, *c_loop;
-	struct winlink		*wl = NULL;
-	struct window		*w = NULL;
-	struct window_pane	*wp = NULL;
+	struct winlink		*wl = cmdq->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = cmdq->state.tflag.wp;
 	const char		*update;
-	char			*cause;
+	char			*cause, *cwd;
 	struct format_tree	*ft;
-	char			*cwd;
 
 	if (RB_EMPTY(&sessions)) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "no sessions");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 
-	if (tflag == NULL) {
-		if ((s = cmd_find_session(cmdq, tflag, 1)) == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	} else if (tflag[strcspn(tflag, ":.")] != '\0') {
-		if ((wl = cmd_find_pane(cmdq, tflag, &s, &wp)) == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	} else {
-		if ((s = cmd_find_session(cmdq, tflag, 1)) == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-		w = window_find_by_id_str(tflag);
-		if (w == NULL) {
-			wp = window_pane_find_by_id_str(tflag);
-			if (wp != NULL)
-				w = wp->window;
-		}
-		if (w != NULL)
-			wl = winlink_find_by_window(&s->windows, w);
-	}
-
 	if (c == NULL)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 	if (server_client_check_nested(c)) {
@@ -94,8 +73,7 @@ cmd_attach_session(struct cmd_q *cmdq, const char *tflag, int dflag, int rflag,
 
 	if (cflag != NULL) {
 		ft = format_create(cmdq, 0);
-		format_defaults(ft, cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1), s,
-		    NULL, NULL);
+		format_defaults(ft, c, s, wl, wp);
 		cwd = format_expand(ft, cflag);
 		format_free(ft);
 
@@ -176,7 +154,6 @@ cmd_attach_session_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
 
-	return (cmd_attach_session(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'),
-	    args_has(args, 'd'), args_has(args, 'r'), args_get(args, 'c'),
-	    args_has(args, 'E')));
+	return (cmd_attach_session(cmdq, args_has(args, 'd'),
+	    args_has(args, 'r'), args_get(args, 'c'), args_has(args, 'E')));
 }
diff --git a/cmd-break-pane.c b/cmd-break-pane.c
index 98d6ad3d..eb07fb87 100644
--- a/cmd-break-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-break-pane.c
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_break_pane_entry = {
 	"break-pane", "breakp",
 	"dPF:s:t:", 0, 0,
 	"[-dP] [-F format] " CMD_SRCDST_PANE_USAGE,
-	0,
+	CMD_PANE_S|CMD_INDEX_T,
 	cmd_break_pane_exec
 };
 
@@ -42,28 +42,22 @@ enum cmd_retval
 cmd_break_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct winlink		*wl;
-	struct session		*src_s;
-	struct session		*dst_s;
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
-	struct window		*w;
+	struct winlink		*wl = cmdq->state.sflag.wl;
+	struct session		*src_s = cmdq->state.sflag.s;
+	struct session		*dst_s = cmdq->state.tflag.s;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = cmdq->state.sflag.wp;
+	struct window		*w = wl->window;
 	char			*name;
 	char			*cause;
-	int			 idx;
+	int			 idx = cmdq->state.tflag.idx;
 	struct format_tree	*ft;
 	const char		*template;
 	char			*cp;
 
-	wl = cmd_find_pane(cmdq, args_get(args, 's'), &src_s, &wp);
-	if (wl == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	if ((idx = cmd_find_index(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), &dst_s)) == -2)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	if (idx != -1 && winlink_find_by_index(&dst_s->windows, idx) != NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "index %d already in use", idx);
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
-	w = wl->window;
 
 	if (window_count_panes(w) == 1) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "can't break with only one pane");
@@ -102,8 +96,7 @@ cmd_break_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 			template = BREAK_PANE_TEMPLATE;
 
 		ft = format_create(cmdq, 0);
-		format_defaults(ft, cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1), dst_s, wl,
-		    wp);
+		format_defaults(ft, cmdq->state.c, dst_s, wl, wp);
 
 		cp = format_expand(ft, template);
 		cmdq_print(cmdq, "%s", cp);
diff --git a/cmd-capture-pane.c b/cmd-capture-pane.c
index 6a7af47a..9d22a0f2 100644
--- a/cmd-capture-pane.c
+++ b/cmd-capture-pane.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_capture_pane_entry = {
 	"ab:CeE:JpPqS:t:", 0, 0,
 	"[-aCeJpPq] " CMD_BUFFER_USAGE " [-E end-line] [-S start-line]"
 	CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,
-	0,
+	CMD_PANE_T,
 	cmd_capture_pane_exec
 };
 
@@ -175,14 +175,11 @@ cmd_capture_pane_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
 	struct client		*c;
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = cmdq->state.tflag.wp;
 	char			*buf, *cause;
 	const char		*bufname;
 	size_t			 len;
 
-	if (cmd_find_pane(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), NULL, &wp) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
 	len = 0;
 	if (args_has(args, 'P'))
 		buf = cmd_capture_pane_pending(args, wp, &len);
diff --git a/cmd-choose-buffer.c b/cmd-choose-buffer.c
index dbb20fc4..4418d415 100644
--- a/cmd-choose-buffer.c
+++ b/cmd-choose-buffer.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_buffer_entry = {
 	"choose-buffer", NULL,
 	"F:t:", 0, 1,
 	CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [-F format] [template]",
-	0,
+	CMD_WINDOW_T,
 	cmd_choose_buffer_exec
 };
 
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ enum cmd_retval
 cmd_choose_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct client			*c;
+	struct client			*c = cmdq->state.c;
+	struct winlink			*wl = cmdq->state.tflag.wl;
 	struct window_choose_data	*cdata;
-	struct winlink			*wl;
 	struct paste_buffer		*pb;
 	char				*action, *action_data;
 	const char			*template;
 	u_int				 idx;
 
-	if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1)) == NULL) {
+	if (c == NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "no client available");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
@@ -60,9 +60,6 @@ cmd_choose_buffer_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 	if ((template = args_get(args, 'F')) == NULL)
 		template = CHOOSE_BUFFER_TEMPLATE;
 
-	if ((wl = cmd_find_window(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), NULL)) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
 	if (paste_get_top(NULL) == NULL)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 
diff --git a/cmd-choose-client.c b/cmd-choose-client.c
index 93a141ee..c58bc826 100644
--- a/cmd-choose-client.c
+++ b/cmd-choose-client.c
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_client_entry = {
 	"choose-client", NULL,
 	"F:t:", 0, 1,
 	CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [-F format] [template]",
-	0,
+	CMD_WINDOW_T,
 	cmd_choose_client_exec
 };
 
@@ -53,22 +53,19 @@ enum cmd_retval
 cmd_choose_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct client			*c;
+	struct client			*c = cmdq->state.c;
 	struct client			*c1;
 	struct window_choose_data	*cdata;
-	struct winlink			*wl;
+	struct winlink			*wl = cmdq->state.tflag.wl;
 	const char			*template;
 	char				*action;
 	u_int			 	 idx, cur;
 
-	if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1)) == NULL) {
+	if (c == NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "no client available");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 
-	if ((wl = cmd_find_window(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), NULL)) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
 	if (window_pane_set_mode(wl->window->active, &window_choose_mode) != 0)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 
diff --git a/cmd-choose-tree.c b/cmd-choose-tree.c
index 0b0fea6a..766978fe 100644
--- a/cmd-choose-tree.c
+++ b/cmd-choose-tree.c
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_tree_entry = {
 	"S:W:swub:c:t:", 0, 1,
 	"[-suw] [-b session-template] [-c window template] [-S format] " \
 	"[-W format] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE,
-	0,
+	CMD_WINDOW_T,
 	cmd_choose_tree_exec
 };
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_session_entry = {
 	"choose-session", NULL,
 	"F:t:", 0, 1,
 	CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " [-F format] [template]",
-	0,
+	CMD_WINDOW_T,
 	cmd_choose_tree_exec
 };
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_choose_window_entry = {
 	"choose-window", NULL,
 	"F:t:", 0, 1,
 	CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE "[-F format] [template]",
-	0,
+	CMD_WINDOW_T,
 	cmd_choose_tree_exec
 };
 
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ enum cmd_retval
 cmd_choose_tree_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct winlink			*wl, *wm;
-	struct session			*s, *s2;
-	struct client			*c;
+	struct client			*c = cmdq->state.c;
+	struct winlink			*wl = cmdq->state.tflag.wl, *wm;
+	struct session			*s = cmdq->state.tflag.s, *s2;
 	struct window_choose_data	*wcd = NULL;
 	const char			*ses_template, *win_template;
 	char				*final_win_action, *cur_win_template;
@@ -87,14 +87,11 @@ cmd_choose_tree_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 	ses_template = win_template = NULL;
 	ses_action = win_action = NULL;
 
-	if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1)) == NULL) {
+	if (c == NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "no client available");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 
-	if ((wl = cmd_find_window(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), &s)) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
 	if (window_pane_set_mode(wl->window->active, &window_choose_mode) != 0)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 
diff --git a/cmd-clear-history.c b/cmd-clear-history.c
index 63e9d548..a76cab80 100644
--- a/cmd-clear-history.c
+++ b/cmd-clear-history.c
@@ -30,20 +30,17 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_clear_history_entry = {
 	"clear-history", "clearhist",
 	"t:", 0, 0,
 	CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,
-	0,
+	CMD_PANE_T,
 	cmd_clear_history_exec
 };
 
 enum cmd_retval
-cmd_clear_history_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
+cmd_clear_history_exec(__unused struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
-	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = cmdq->state.tflag.wp;
 	struct grid		*gd;
 
-	if (cmd_find_pane(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), NULL, &wp) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	gd = wp->base.grid;
+	gd = cmdq->state.tflag.wp->base.grid;
 
 	if (wp->mode == &window_copy_mode)
 		window_pane_reset_mode(wp);
diff --git a/cmd-command-prompt.c b/cmd-command-prompt.c
index 1622e0b7..900fceb9 100644
--- a/cmd-command-prompt.c
+++ b/cmd-command-prompt.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_command_prompt_entry = {
 	"command-prompt", NULL,
 	"I:p:t:", 0, 1,
 	"[-I inputs] [-p prompts] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE " [template]",
-	0,
+	CMD_CLIENT_T,
 	cmd_command_prompt_exec
 };
 
@@ -58,13 +58,10 @@ cmd_command_prompt_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
 	const char			*inputs, *prompts;
 	struct cmd_command_prompt_cdata	*cdata;
-	struct client			*c;
+	struct client			*c = cmdq->state.c;
 	char				*prompt, *ptr, *input = NULL;
 	size_t				 n;
 
-	if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
 	if (c->prompt_string != NULL)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 
diff --git a/cmd-confirm-before.c b/cmd-confirm-before.c
index 248515cd..17a575a2 100644
--- a/cmd-confirm-before.c
+++ b/cmd-confirm-before.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_confirm_before_entry = {
 	"confirm-before", "confirm",
 	"p:t:", 1, 1,
 	"[-p prompt] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE " command",
-	0,
+	CMD_CLIENT_T,
 	cmd_confirm_before_exec
 };
 
@@ -51,13 +51,10 @@ cmd_confirm_before_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
 	struct cmd_confirm_before_data	*cdata;
-	struct client			*c;
+	struct client			*c = cmdq->state.c;
 	char				*cmd, *copy, *new_prompt, *ptr;
 	const char			*prompt;
 
-	if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
 	if ((prompt = args_get(args, 'p')) != NULL)
 		xasprintf(&new_prompt, "%s ", prompt);
 	else {
diff --git a/cmd-copy-mode.c b/cmd-copy-mode.c
index e04b561b..79d06cee 100644
--- a/cmd-copy-mode.c
+++ b/cmd-copy-mode.c
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ enum cmd_retval	 cmd_copy_mode_exec(struct cmd *, struct cmd_q *);
 const struct cmd_entry cmd_copy_mode_entry = {
 	"copy-mode", NULL,
 	"Met:u", 0, 0,
-	"[-Meu] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,
-	0,
+	"[-Mu] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE,
+	CMD_PANE_T,
 	cmd_copy_mode_exec
 };
 
@@ -48,15 +48,14 @@ cmd_copy_mode_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
 	struct client		*c = cmdq->client;
 	struct session		*s;
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = cmdq->state.tflag.wp;
 
 	if (args_has(args, 'M')) {
 		if ((wp = cmd_mouse_pane(&cmdq->item->mouse, &s, NULL)) == NULL)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 		if (c == NULL || c->session != s)
 			return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
-	} else if (cmd_find_pane(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), NULL, &wp) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
+	}
 
 	if (self->entry == &cmd_clock_mode_entry) {
 		window_pane_set_mode(wp, &window_clock_mode);
diff --git a/cmd-detach-client.c b/cmd-detach-client.c
index d8128eae..86f8063c 100644
--- a/cmd-detach-client.c
+++ b/cmd-detach-client.c
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ enum cmd_retval	 cmd_detach_client_exec(struct cmd *, struct cmd_q *);
 const struct cmd_entry cmd_detach_client_entry = {
 	"detach-client", "detach",
 	"as:t:P", 0, 0,
-	"[-aP] [-s target-session] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,
-	CMD_READONLY,
+	"[-P] [-a] [-s target-session] " CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,
+	CMD_READONLY|CMD_CLIENT_T|CMD_SESSION_S,
 	cmd_detach_client_exec
 };
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_suspend_client_entry = {
 	"suspend-client", "suspendc",
 	"t:", 0, 0,
 	CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,
-	0,
+	CMD_CLIENT_T,
 	cmd_detach_client_exec
 };
 
@@ -48,13 +48,11 @@ enum cmd_retval
 cmd_detach_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct client	*c, *cloop;
+	struct client	*c = cmdq->state.c, *cloop;
 	struct session	*s;
 	enum msgtype	 msgtype;
 
 	if (self->entry == &cmd_suspend_client_entry) {
-		if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 		tty_stop_tty(&c->tty);
 		c->flags |= CLIENT_SUSPENDED;
 		proc_send(c->peer, MSG_SUSPEND, -1, NULL, 0);
@@ -67,10 +65,7 @@ cmd_detach_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 		msgtype = MSG_DETACH;
 
 	if (args_has(args, 's')) {
-		s = cmd_find_session(cmdq, args_get(args, 's'), 0);
-		if (s == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
+		s = cmdq->state.sflag.s;
 		TAILQ_FOREACH(cloop, &clients, entry) {
 			if (cloop->session == s)
 				server_client_detach(cloop, msgtype);
@@ -78,10 +73,6 @@ cmd_detach_client_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 		return (CMD_RETURN_STOP);
 	}
 
-	c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), 0);
-	if (c == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
 	if (args_has(args, 'a')) {
 		TAILQ_FOREACH(cloop, &clients, entry) {
 			if (cloop->session != NULL && cloop != c)
diff --git a/cmd-display-message.c b/cmd-display-message.c
index 7ca8e9c4..201f8b75 100644
--- a/cmd-display-message.c
+++ b/cmd-display-message.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_display_message_entry = {
 	"c:pt:F:", 0, 1,
 	"[-p] [-c target-client] [-F format] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE
 	" [message]",
-	0,
+	CMD_CLIENT_C|CMD_PANE_T,
 	cmd_display_message_exec
 };
 
@@ -47,41 +47,19 @@ enum cmd_retval
 cmd_display_message_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args		*args = self->args;
-	struct client		*c;
-	struct session		*s;
-	struct winlink		*wl;
-	struct window_pane	*wp;
+	struct client		*c = cmdq->state.c;
+	struct session		*s = cmdq->state.tflag.s;
+	struct winlink		*wl = cmdq->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct window_pane	*wp = cmdq->state.tflag.wp;
 	const char		*template;
 	char			*msg;
 	struct format_tree	*ft;
 
-	if (args_has(args, 't')) {
-		wl = cmd_find_pane(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), &s, &wp);
-		if (wl == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	} else {
-		wl = cmd_find_pane(cmdq, NULL, &s, &wp);
-		if (wl == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	}
-
 	if (args_has(args, 'F') && args->argc != 0) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "only one of -F or argument must be given");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
 
-	if (args_has(args, 'c')) {
-		c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, args_get(args, 'c'), 0);
-		if (c == NULL)
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-	} else {
-		c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1);
-		if (c == NULL && !args_has(self->args, 'p')) {
-			cmdq_error(cmdq, "no client available");
-			return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-		}
-	}
-
 	template = args_get(args, 'F');
 	if (args->argc != 0)
 		template = args->argv[0];
diff --git a/cmd-display-panes.c b/cmd-display-panes.c
index 9ce89712..714ee19e 100644
--- a/cmd-display-panes.c
+++ b/cmd-display-panes.c
@@ -30,20 +30,14 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_display_panes_entry = {
 	"display-panes", "displayp",
 	"t:", 0, 0,
 	CMD_TARGET_CLIENT_USAGE,
-	0,
+	CMD_CLIENT_T,
 	cmd_display_panes_exec
 };
 
 enum cmd_retval
-cmd_display_panes_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
+cmd_display_panes_exec(__unused struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
-	struct args	*args = self->args;
-	struct client	*c;
-
-	if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), 0)) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
-
-	server_set_identify(c);
+	server_set_identify(cmdq->state.c);
 
 	return (CMD_RETURN_NORMAL);
 }
diff --git a/cmd-find-window.c b/cmd-find-window.c
index e92ae60f..1733b717 100644
--- a/cmd-find-window.c
+++ b/cmd-find-window.c
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_find_window_entry = {
 	"find-window", "findw",
 	"F:CNt:T", 1, 4,
 	"[-CNT] [-F format] " CMD_TARGET_WINDOW_USAGE " match-string",
-	0,
+	CMD_WINDOW_T,
 	cmd_find_window_exec
 };
 
@@ -137,10 +137,10 @@ enum cmd_retval
 cmd_find_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 {
 	struct args			*args = self->args;
-	struct client			*c;
+	struct client			*c = cmdq->state.c;
 	struct window_choose_data	*cdata;
-	struct session			*s;
-	struct winlink			*wl, *wm;
+	struct session			*s = cmdq->state.tflag.s;
+	struct winlink			*wl = cmdq->state.tflag.wl, *wm;
 	struct cmd_find_window_list	 find_list;
 	struct cmd_find_window_data	*find_data;
 	struct cmd_find_window_data	*find_data1;
@@ -148,14 +148,10 @@ cmd_find_window_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 	const char			*template;
 	u_int				 i, match_flags;
 
-	if ((c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1)) == NULL) {
+	if (c == NULL) {
 		cmdq_error(cmdq, "no client available");
 		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 	}
-	s = c->session;
-
-	if ((wl = cmd_find_window(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), NULL)) == NULL)
-		return (CMD_RETURN_ERROR);
 
 	if ((template = args_get(args, 'F')) == NULL)
 		template = FIND_WINDOW_TEMPLATE;
diff --git a/cmd-if-shell.c b/cmd-if-shell.c
index 3345e8ce..404f4671 100644
--- a/cmd-if-shell.c
+++ b/cmd-if-shell.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ const struct cmd_entry cmd_if_shell_entry = {
 	"if-shell", "if",
 	"bFt:", 2, 3,
 	"[-bF] " CMD_TARGET_PANE_USAGE " shell-command command [command]",
-	0,
+	CMD_PANE_T|CMD_CANFAIL,
 	cmd_if_shell_exec
 };
 
@@ -61,31 +61,20 @@ cmd_if_shell_exec(struct cmd *self, struct cmd_q *cmdq)
 	struct cmd_if_shell_data	*cdata;
 	char				*shellcmd, *cmd, *cause;
 	struct cmd_list			*cmdlist;
-	struct client			*c;
-	struct session			*s = NULL;
-	struct winlink			*wl = NULL;
-	struct window_pane		*wp = NULL;
+	struct session			*s = cmdq->state.tflag.s;
+	struct winlink			*wl = cmdq->state.tflag.wl;
+	struct window_pane		*wp = cmdq->state.tflag.wp;
 	struct format_tree		*ft;
 	const char			*cwd;
 
-	if (args_has(args, 't')) {
-		wl = cmd_find_pane(cmdq, args_get(args, 't'), &s, &wp);
-		cwd = wp->cwd;
-	} else {
-		c = cmd_find_client(cmdq, NULL, 1);
-		if (c != NULL && c->session != NULL) {
-			s = c->session;
-			wl = s->curw;
-			wp = wl->window->active;
-		}
-		if (cmdq->client != NULL && cmdq->client->session == NULL)
-			cwd = cmdq->client->cwd;
-		else if (s != NULL)
-			cwd = s->cwd;
-		else
-			cwd = NULL;
-	}
+	cwd = wp->cwd;
 
+	if (cmdq->client != NULL && cmdq->client->session == NULL)
+		cwd = cmdq->client->cwd;
+	else if (s != NULL)
+		cwd = s->cwd;
+	else
+		cwd = NULL;
 	ft = format_create(cmdq, 0);
 	format_defaults(ft, NULL, s, wl, wp);
 	shellcmd = format_expand(ft, args->argv[0]);
diff --git a/cmd-join-pane.c b/cmd-join-pane.c
index cc6432a4..6fc5b977 100644
--- a/