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Diffstat (limited to 'contrib/ssh-copy-id.1')
| -rw-r--r-- | contrib/ssh-copy-id.1 | 251 |
1 files changed, 181 insertions, 70 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/ssh-copy-id.1 b/contrib/ssh-copy-id.1 index cb15ab24..67a59e49 100644 --- a/contrib/ssh-copy-id.1 +++ b/contrib/ssh-copy-id.1 @@ -1,75 +1,186 @@ .ig \" -*- nroff -*- -Copyright (c) 1999 Philip Hands Computing <http://www.hands.com/> +Copyright (c) 1999-2013 hands.com Ltd. <http://hands.com/> -Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of -this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice -are preserved on all copies. +Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +are met: +1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright + notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright + notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the + documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the -entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -permission notice identical to this one. - -Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this -manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified -versions, except that this permission notice may be included in -translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in -the original English. +THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR +IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES +OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. +IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, +INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT +NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, +DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY +THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT +(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF +THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. .. -.TH SSH-COPY-ID 1 "14 November 1999" "OpenSSH" -.SH NAME -ssh-copy-id \- install your public key in a remote machine's authorized_keys -.SH SYNOPSIS -.B ssh-copy-id [-i [identity_file]] -.I "[user@]machine" +.Dd $Mdocdate: June 17 2010 $ +.Dt SSH-COPY-ID 1 +.Os +.Sh NAME +.Nm ssh-copy-id +.Nd use locally available keys to authorise logins on a remote machine +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm +.Op Fl n +.Op Fl i Op Ar identity_file +.Op Fl p Ar port +.Op Fl o Ar ssh_option +.Op Ar user Ns @ Ns +.Ar hostname +.Nm +.Fl h | Fl ? .br -.SH DESCRIPTION -.BR ssh-copy-id -is a script that uses ssh to log into a remote machine and -append the indicated identity file to that machine's -.B ~/.ssh/authorized_keys -file. -.PP -If the -.B -i -option is given then the identity file (defaults to -.BR ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ) -is used, regardless of whether there are any keys in your -.BR ssh-agent . -Otherwise, if this: -.PP -.B " ssh-add -L" -.PP -provides any output, it uses that in preference to the identity file. -.PP -If the -.B -i -option is used, or the -.B ssh-add -produced no output, then it uses the contents of the identity -file. Once it has one or more fingerprints (by whatever means) it -uses ssh to append them to -.B ~/.ssh/authorized_keys -on the remote machine (creating the file, and directory, if necessary.) - -.SH NOTES -This program does not modify the permissions of any -pre-existing files or directories. Therefore, if the remote -.B sshd -has -.B StrictModes -set in its -configuration, then the user's home, -.B ~/.ssh -folder, and -.B ~/.ssh/authorized_keys -file may need to have group writability disabled manually, e.g. via - -.B " chmod go-w ~ ~/.ssh ~/.ssh/authorized_keys" - -on the remote machine. - -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR ssh (1), -.BR ssh-agent (1), -.BR sshd (8) +.Sh DESCRIPTION +.Nm +is a script that uses +.Xr ssh 1 +to log into a remote machine (presumably using a login password, +so password authentication should be enabled, unless you've done some +clever use of multiple identities). It assembles a list of one or more +fingerprints (as described below) and tries to log in with each key, to +see if any of them are already installed (of course, if you are not using +.Xr ssh-agent 1 +this may result in you being repeatedly prompted for pass-phrases). +It then assembles a list of those that failed to log in, and using ssh, +enables logins with those keys on the remote server. By default it adds +the keys by appending them to the remote user's +.Pa ~/.ssh/authorized_keys +(creating the file, and directory, if necessary). It is also capable +of detecting if the remote system is a NetScreen, and using its +.Ql set ssh pka-dsa key ... +command instead. +.Pp +The options are as follows: +.Bl -tag -width Ds +.It Fl i Ar identity_file +Use only the key(s) contained in +.Ar identity_file +(rather than looking for identities via +.Xr ssh-add 1 +or in the +.Ic default_ID_file ) . +If the filename does not end in +.Pa .pub +this is added. If the filename is omitted, the +.Ic default_ID_file +is used. +.Pp +Note that this can be used to ensure that the keys copied have the +comment one prefers and/or extra options applied, by ensuring that the +key file has these set as preferred before the copy is attempted. +.It Fl n +do a dry-run. Instead of installing keys on the remote system simply +prints the key(s) that would have been installed. +.It Fl h , Fl ? +Print Usage summary +.It Fl p Ar port , Fl o Ar ssh_option +These two options are simply passed through untouched, along with their +argument, to allow one to set the port or other +.Xr ssh 1 +options, respectively. +.Pp +Rather than specifying these as command line options, it is often better to use (per-host) settings in +.Xr ssh 1 Ns 's +configuration file: +.Xr ssh_config 5 . +.El +.Pp +Default behaviour without +.Fl i , +is to check if +.Ql ssh-add -L +provides any output, and if so those keys are used. Note that this results in +the comment on the key being the filename that was given to +.Xr ssh-add 1 +when the key was loaded into your +.Xr ssh-agent 1 +rather than the comment contained in that file, which is a bit of a shame. +Otherwise, if +.Xr ssh-add 1 +provides no keys contents of the +.Ic default_ID_file +will be used. +.Pp +The +.Ic default_ID_file +is the most recent file that matches: +.Pa ~/.ssh/id*.pub , +(excluding those that match +.Pa ~/.ssh/*-cert.pub ) +so if you create a key that is not the one you want +.Nm +to use, just use +.Xr touch 1 +on your preferred key's +.Pa .pub +file to reinstate it as the most recent. +.Pp +.Sh EXAMPLES +If you have already installed keys from one system on a lot of remote +hosts, and you then create a new key, on a new client machine, say, +it can be difficult to keep track of which systems on which you've +installed the new key. One way of dealing with this is to load both +the new key and old key(s) into your +.Xr ssh-agent 1 . +Load the new key first, without the +.Fl c +option, then load one or more old keys into the agent, possibly by +ssh-ing to the client machine that has that old key, using the +.Fl A +option to allow agent forwarding: +.Pp +.D1 user@newclient$ ssh-add +.D1 user@newclient$ ssh -A old.client +.D1 user@oldl$ ssh-add -c +.D1 No ... prompt for pass-phrase ... +.D1 user@old$ logoff +.D1 user@newclient$ ssh someserver +.Pp +now, if the new key is installed on the server, you'll be allowed in +unprompted, whereas if you only have the old key(s) enabled, you'll be +asked for confirmation, which is your cue to log back out and run +.Pp +.D1 user@newclient$ ssh-copy-id -i someserver +.Pp +The reason you might want to specify the -i option in this case is to +ensure that the comment on the installed key is the one from the +.Pa .pub +file, rather than just the filename that was loaded into you agent. +It also ensures that only the id you intended is installed, rather than +all the keys that you have in your +.Xr ssh-agent 1 . +Of course, you can specify another id, or use the contents of the +.Xr ssh-agent 1 +as you prefer. +.Pp +Having mentioned +.Xr ssh-add 1 Ns 's +.Fl c +option, you might consider using this whenever using agent forwarding +to avoid your key being hijacked, but it is much better to instead use +.Xr ssh 1 Ns 's +.Ar ProxyCommand +and +.Fl W +option, +to bounce through remote servers while always doing direct end-to-end +authentication. This way the middle hop(s) don't get access to your +.Xr ssh-agent 1 . +A web search for +.Ql ssh proxycommand nc +should prove enlightening (N.B. the modern approach is to use the +.Fl W +option, rather than +.Xr nc 1 ) . +.Sh "SEE ALSO" +.Xr ssh 1 , +.Xr ssh-agent 1 , +.Xr sshd 8 |