upstream: support for user-verified FIDO keys

FIDO2 supports a notion of "user verification" where the user is
required to demonstrate their identity to the token before particular
operations (e.g. signing). Typically this is done by authenticating
themselves using a PIN that has been set on the token.

This adds support for generating and using user verified keys where
the verification happens via PIN (other options might be added in the
future, but none are in common use now). Practically, this adds
another key generation option "verify-required" that yields a key that
requires a PIN before each authentication.

feedback markus@ and Pedro Martelletto; ok markus@

OpenBSD-Commit-ID: 57fd461e4366f87c47502c5614ec08573e6d6a15

16 files changed, 164 insertions, 90 deletions

diff --git a/krl.c b/krl.c
index c431f704..3a69b636 100644
--- a/krl.c
+++ b/krl.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  */
 
-/* $OpenBSD: krl.c,v 1.50 2020/04/03 05:48:57 djm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: krl.c,v 1.51 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 
 #include "includes.h"
 
@@ -812,9 +812,10 @@ ssh_krl_to_blob(struct ssh_krl *krl, struct sshbuf *buf,
 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_u8(buf, KRL_SECTION_SIGNATURE)) != 0 ||
 		    (r = sshkey_puts(sign_keys[i], buf)) != 0)
 			goto out;
-
+		/* XXX support sk-* keys */
 		if ((r = sshkey_sign(sign_keys[i], &sblob, &slen,
-		    sshbuf_ptr(buf), sshbuf_len(buf), NULL, NULL, 0)) != 0)
+		    sshbuf_ptr(buf), sshbuf_len(buf), NULL, NULL,
+		    NULL, 0)) != 0)
 			goto out;
 		KRL_DBG(("%s: signature sig len %zu", __func__, slen));
 		if ((r = sshbuf_put_string(buf, sblob, slen)) != 0)
diff --git a/monitor.c b/monitor.c
index 0107a7eb..7c3e6aaf 100644
--- a/monitor.c
+++ b/monitor.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: monitor.c,v 1.212 2020/07/07 02:47:21 deraadt Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: monitor.c,v 1.213 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright 2002 Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
  * Copyright 2002 Markus Friedl <markus@openbsd.org>
@@ -679,7 +679,7 @@ mm_answer_sign(struct ssh *ssh, int sock, struct sshbuf *m)
 
 	if ((key = get_hostkey_by_index(keyid)) != NULL) {
 		if ((r = sshkey_sign(key, &signature, &siglen, p, datlen, alg,
-		    options.sk_provider, compat)) != 0)
+		    options.sk_provider, NULL, compat)) != 0)
 			fatal("%s: sshkey_sign failed: %s",
 			    __func__, ssh_err(r));
 	} else if ((key = get_hostkey_public_by_index(keyid, ssh)) != NULL &&
diff --git a/monitor_wrap.c b/monitor_wrap.c
index 001a8fa1..5e38d83e 100644
--- a/monitor_wrap.c
+++ b/monitor_wrap.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: monitor_wrap.c,v 1.117 2019/12/15 18:57:30 djm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: monitor_wrap.c,v 1.118 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright 2002 Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
  * Copyright 2002 Markus Friedl <markus@openbsd.org>
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ mm_choose_dh(int min, int nbits, int max)
 int
 mm_sshkey_sign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
     const u_char *data, size_t datalen, const char *hostkey_alg,
-    const char *sk_provider, u_int compat)
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin, u_int compat)
 {
 	struct kex *kex = *pmonitor->m_pkex;
 	struct sshbuf *m;
diff --git a/monitor_wrap.h b/monitor_wrap.h
index 23ab096a..0db38c20 100644
--- a/monitor_wrap.h
+++ b/monitor_wrap.h
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: monitor_wrap.h,v 1.44 2019/11/25 00:51:37 djm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: monitor_wrap.h,v 1.45 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright 2002 Niels Provos <provos@citi.umich.edu>
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ int mm_is_monitor(void);
 DH *mm_choose_dh(int, int, int);
 #endif
 int mm_sshkey_sign(struct ssh *, struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
-    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, u_int compat);
+    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *,
+    const char *, u_int compat);
 void mm_inform_authserv(char *, char *);
 struct passwd *mm_getpwnamallow(struct ssh *, const char *);
 char *mm_auth2_read_banner(void);
diff --git a/sk-usbhid.c b/sk-usbhid.c
index 2a573caa..1dd83488 100644
--- a/sk-usbhid.c
+++ b/sk-usbhid.c
@@ -163,7 +163,8 @@ pick_first_device(void)
 /* Check if the specified key handle exists on a given device. */
 static int
 try_device(fido_dev_t *dev, const uint8_t *message, size_t message_len,
-    const char *application, const uint8_t *key_handle, size_t key_handle_len)
+    const char *application, const uint8_t *key_handle, size_t key_handle_len,
+    uint8_t flags, const char *pin)
 {
 	fido_assert_t *assert = NULL;
 	int r = FIDO_ERR_INTERNAL;
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@ try_device(fido_dev_t *dev, const uint8_t *message, size_t message_len,
 		skdebug(__func__, "fido_assert_up: %s", fido_strerr(r));
 		goto out;
 	}
-	r = fido_dev_get_assert(dev, assert, NULL);
+	r = fido_dev_get_assert(dev, assert, pin);
 	skdebug(__func__, "fido_dev_get_assert: %s", fido_strerr(r));
 	if (r == FIDO_ERR_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED) {
 		/* U2F tokens may return this */
@@ -206,7 +207,8 @@ try_device(fido_dev_t *dev, const uint8_t *message, size_t message_len,
 /* Iterate over configured devices looking for a specific key handle */
 static fido_dev_t *
 find_device(const char *path, const uint8_t *message, size_t message_len,
-    const char *application, const uint8_t *key_handle, size_t key_handle_len)
+    const char *application, const uint8_t *key_handle, size_t key_handle_len,
+    uint8_t flags, const char *pin)
 {
 	fido_dev_info_t *devlist = NULL;
 	fido_dev_t *dev = NULL;
@@ -260,7 +262,7 @@ find_device(const char *path, const uint8_t *message, size_t message_len,
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (try_device(dev, message, message_len, application,
-		    key_handle, key_handle_len) == 0) {
+		    key_handle, key_handle_len, flags, pin) == 0) {
 			skdebug(__func__, "found key");
 			break;
 		}
@@ -570,19 +572,23 @@ sk_enroll(uint32_t alg, const uint8_t *challenge, size_t challenge_len,
 		skdebug(__func__, "fido_dev_open: %s", fido_strerr(r));
 		goto out;
 	}
-	if ((flags & SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY) != 0) {
+	if ((flags & (SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY|SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) != 0) {
 		if (check_sk_extensions(dev, "credProtect", &credprot) < 0) {
 			skdebug(__func__, "check_sk_extensions failed");
 			goto out;
 		}
 		if (credprot == 0) {
 			skdebug(__func__, "refusing to create unprotected "
-			    "resident key");
+			    "resident/verify-required key");
 			ret = SSH_SK_ERR_UNSUPPORTED;
 			goto out;
 		}
-		if ((r = fido_cred_set_prot(cred,
-		    FIDO_CRED_PROT_UV_OPTIONAL_WITH_ID)) != FIDO_OK) {
+		if ((flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD))
+			credprot = FIDO_CRED_PROT_UV_REQUIRED;
+		else
+			credprot = FIDO_CRED_PROT_UV_OPTIONAL_WITH_ID;
+
+		if ((r = fido_cred_set_prot(cred, credprot)) != FIDO_OK) {
 			skdebug(__func__, "fido_cred_set_prot: %s",
 			    fido_strerr(r));
 			ret = fidoerr_to_skerr(r);
@@ -826,7 +832,7 @@ sk_sign(uint32_t alg, const uint8_t *data, size_t datalen,
 		goto out;
 	}
 	if ((dev = find_device(device, message, sizeof(message),
-	    application, key_handle, key_handle_len)) == NULL) {
+	    application, key_handle, key_handle_len, flags, pin)) == NULL) {
 		skdebug(__func__, "couldn't find device for key handle");
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -855,8 +861,15 @@ sk_sign(uint32_t alg, const uint8_t *data, size_t datalen,
 		skdebug(__func__, "fido_assert_set_up: %s", fido_strerr(r));
 		goto out;
 	}
-	if ((r = fido_dev_get_assert(dev, assert, NULL)) != FIDO_OK) {
+	if (pin == NULL && (flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD) &&
+	    (r = fido_assert_set_uv(assert, FIDO_OPT_TRUE)) != FIDO_OK) {
+		skdebug(__func__, "fido_assert_set_uv: %s", fido_strerr(r));
+		ret = FIDO_ERR_PIN_REQUIRED;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	if ((r = fido_dev_get_assert(dev, assert, pin)) != FIDO_OK) {
 		skdebug(__func__, "fido_dev_get_assert: %s", fido_strerr(r));
+		ret = fidoerr_to_skerr(r);
 		goto out;
 	}
 	if ((response = calloc(1, sizeof(*response))) == NULL) {
@@ -978,8 +991,9 @@ read_rks(const char *devpath, const char *pin,
 				continue;
 			}
 			skdebug(__func__, "Device %s RP \"%s\" slot %zu: "
-			    "type %d", devpath, fido_credman_rp_id(rp, i), j,
-			    fido_cred_type(cred));
+			    "type %d flags 0x%02x prot 0x%02x", devpath,
+			    fido_credman_rp_id(rp, i), j, fido_cred_type(cred),
+			    fido_cred_flags(cred), fido_cred_prot(cred));
 
 			/* build response entry */
 			if ((srk = calloc(1, sizeof(*srk))) == NULL ||
diff --git a/ssh-agent.c b/ssh-agent.c
index 5f7ac8b9..d24a6308 100644
--- a/ssh-agent.c
+++ b/ssh-agent.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: ssh-agent.c,v 1.262 2020/07/05 23:59:45 djm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: ssh-agent.c,v 1.263 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
@@ -407,9 +407,10 @@ process_sign_request2(SocketEntry *e)
 			    sshkey_type(id->key), fp);
 		}
 	}
+	/* XXX support PIN required FIDO keys */
 	if ((r = sshkey_sign(id->key, &signature, &slen,
 	    data, dlen, agent_decode_alg(key, flags),
-	    id->sk_provider, compat)) != 0) {
+	    id->sk_provider, NULL, compat)) != 0) {
 		error("%s: sshkey_sign: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 		goto send;
 	}
diff --git a/ssh-keygen.1 b/ssh-keygen.1
index 9198a511..7e0558fe 100644
--- a/ssh-keygen.1
+++ b/ssh-keygen.1
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-.\"	$OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.1,v 1.205 2020/07/15 07:50:46 solene Exp $
+.\"	$OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.1,v 1.206 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $
 .\"
 .\" Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
 .\" Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
 .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 .\"
-.Dd $Mdocdate: July 15 2020 $
+.Dd $Mdocdate: August 27 2020 $
 .Dt SSH-KEYGEN 1
 .Os
 .Sh NAME
@@ -511,6 +511,12 @@ A username to be associated with a resident key,
 overriding the empty default username.
 Specifying a username may be useful when generating multiple resident keys
 for the same application name.
+.It Cm verify-required
+Indicate that this private key should require user verification for
+each signature.
+Not all FIDO tokens support support this option.
+Currently PIN authentication is the only supported verification method,
+but other methods may be supported in the future.
 .It Cm write-attestation Ns = Ns Ar path
 May be used at key generation time to record the attestation certificate
 returned from FIDO tokens during key generation.
@@ -961,7 +967,7 @@ by
 Allows X11 forwarding.
 .Pp
 .It Ic no-touch-required
-Do not require signatures made using this key require demonstration
+Do not require signatures made using this key include demonstration
 of user presence (e.g. by having the user touch the authenticator).
 This option only makes sense for the FIDO authenticator algorithms
 .Cm ecdsa-sk
@@ -974,6 +980,16 @@ The
 .Ar address_list
 is a comma-separated list of one or more address/netmask pairs in CIDR
 format.
+.Pp
+.It Ic verify-required
+Require signatures made using this key indicate that the user was first
+verified.
+This option only makes sense for the FIDO authenticator algorithms
+.Cm ecdsa-sk
+and
+.Cm ed25519-sk .
+Currently PIN authentication is the only supported verification method,
+but other methods may be supported in the future.
 .El
 .Pp
 At present, no standard options are valid for host keys.
diff --git a/ssh-keygen.c b/ssh-keygen.c
index cc092368..89ef9a14 100644
--- a/ssh-keygen.c
+++ b/ssh-keygen.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.415 2020/08/03 02:53:51 djm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.416 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
  * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ do_convert_private_ssh2(struct sshbuf *b)
 
 	/* try the key */
 	if (sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data),
-	    NULL, NULL, 0) != 0 ||
+	    NULL, NULL, NULL, 0) != 0 ||
 	    sshkey_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data),
 	    NULL, 0, NULL) != 0) {
 		sshkey_free(key);
@@ -1727,7 +1727,8 @@ load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
 static int
 agent_signer(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
     const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
-    const char *alg, const char *provider, u_int compat, void *ctx)
+    const char *alg, const char *provider, const char *pin,
+    u_int compat, void *ctx)
 {
 	int *agent_fdp = (int *)ctx;
 
@@ -1744,7 +1745,7 @@ do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent,
 	u_int n;
 	struct sshkey *ca, *public;
 	char valid[64], *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment;
-	char *ca_fp = NULL, **plist = NULL;
+	char *ca_fp = NULL, **plist = NULL, *pin = NULL;
 	struct ssh_identitylist *agent_ids;
 	size_t j;
 	struct notifier_ctx *notifier = NULL;
@@ -1785,6 +1786,12 @@ do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent,
 	} else {
 		/* CA key is assumed to be a private key on the filesystem */
 		ca = load_identity(tmp, NULL);
+		if (sshkey_is_sk(ca) &&
+		    (ca->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) {
+			if ((pin = read_passphrase("Enter PIN for CA key: ",
+			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN)) == NULL)
+				fatal("%s: couldn't read PIN", __func__);
+		}
 	}
 	free(tmp);
 
@@ -1844,7 +1851,7 @@ do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent,
 
 		if (agent_fd != -1 && (ca->flags & SSHKEY_FLAG_EXT) != 0) {
 			if ((r = sshkey_certify_custom(public, ca,
-			    key_type_name, sk_provider, agent_signer,
+			    key_type_name, sk_provider, NULL, agent_signer,
 			    &agent_fd)) != 0)
 				fatal("Couldn't certify key %s via agent: %s",
 				    tmp, ssh_err(r));
@@ -1856,7 +1863,7 @@ do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent,
 				    sshkey_type(ca), ca_fp);
 			}
 			r = sshkey_certify(public, ca, key_type_name,
-			    sk_provider);
+			    sk_provider, pin);
 			notify_complete(notifier);
 			if (r != 0)
 				fatal("Couldn't certify key %s: %s",
@@ -1890,6 +1897,8 @@ do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, const char *ca_key_path, int prefer_agent,
 		if (cert_serial_autoinc)
 			cert_serial++;
 	}
+	if (pin != NULL)
+		freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
 	free(ca_fp);
 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
 	pkcs11_terminate();
@@ -2526,6 +2535,7 @@ sign_one(struct sshkey *signkey, const char *filename, int fd,
 	struct sshbuf *sigbuf = NULL, *abuf = NULL;
 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, wfd = -1, oerrno;
 	char *wfile = NULL, *asig = NULL, *fp = NULL;
+	char *pin = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
 
 	if (!quiet) {
 		if (fd == STDIN_FILENO)
@@ -2533,17 +2543,25 @@ sign_one(struct sshkey *signkey, const char *filename, int fd,
 		else
 			fprintf(stderr, "Signing file %s\n", filename);
 	}
-	if (signer == NULL && sshkey_is_sk(signkey) &&
-	    (signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
-		if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(signkey, fingerprint_hash,
-		    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
-			fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint failed", __func__);
-		fprintf(stderr, "Confirm user presence for key %s %s\n",
-		    sshkey_type(signkey), fp);
-		free(fp);
+	if (signer == NULL && sshkey_is_sk(signkey)) {
+		if ((signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) {
+			xasprintf(&prompt, "Enter PIN for %s key: ",
+			    sshkey_type(signkey));
+			if ((pin = read_passphrase(prompt,
+			    RP_ALLOW_STDIN)) == NULL)
+				fatal("%s: couldn't read PIN", __func__);
+		}
+		if ((signkey->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
+			if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(signkey, fingerprint_hash,
+			    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
+				fatal("%s: fingerprint failed", __func__);
+			fprintf(stderr, "Confirm user presence for key %s %s\n",
+			    sshkey_type(signkey), fp);
+			free(fp);
+		}
 	}
-	if ((r = sshsig_sign_fd(signkey, NULL, sk_provider, fd, sig_namespace,
-	    &sigbuf, signer, signer_ctx)) != 0) {
+	if ((r = sshsig_sign_fd(signkey, NULL, sk_provider, pin,
+	    fd, sig_namespace, &sigbuf, signer, signer_ctx)) != 0) {
 		error("Signing %s failed: %s", filename, ssh_err(r));
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -2591,7 +2609,10 @@ sign_one(struct sshkey *signkey, const char *filename, int fd,
 	r = 0;
  out:
 	free(wfile);
+	free(prompt);
 	free(asig);
+	if (pin != NULL)
+		freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
 	sshbuf_free(abuf);
 	sshbuf_free(sigbuf);
 	if (wfd != -1)
@@ -3554,6 +3575,8 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 		for (i = 0; i < nopts; i++) {
 			if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "no-touch-required") == 0) {
 				sk_flags &= ~SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD;
+			} else if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "verify-required") == 0) {
+				sk_flags |= SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD;
 			} else if (strcasecmp(opts[i], "resident") == 0) {
 				sk_flags |= SSH_SK_RESIDENT_KEY;
 			} else if (strncasecmp(opts[i], "device=", 7) == 0) {
diff --git a/ssh-keysign.c b/ssh-keysign.c
index 3e3ea3e1..7991e0f0 100644
--- a/ssh-keysign.c
+++ b/ssh-keysign.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keysign.c,v 1.63 2019/11/18 16:10:05 naddy Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: ssh-keysign.c,v 1.64 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2002 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv)
 	}
 
 	if ((r = sshkey_sign(keys[i], &signature, &slen, data, dlen,
-	    NULL, NULL, 0)) != 0)
+	    NULL, NULL, NULL, 0)) != 0)
 		fatal("sshkey_sign failed: %s", ssh_err(r));
 	free(data);
 
diff --git a/ssh_api.c b/ssh_api.c
index a0358d4b..129404b2 100644
--- a/ssh_api.c
+++ b/ssh_api.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: ssh_api.c,v 1.20 2020/07/01 16:28:31 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: ssh_api.c,v 1.21 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2012 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  *
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ int	_ssh_host_key_sign(struct ssh *, struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *,
  */
 int	use_privsep = 0;
 int	mm_sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *, u_char **, u_int *,
-    const u_char *, u_int, const char *, const char *, u_int);
+    const u_char *, u_int, const char *, const char *, const char *, u_int);
 
 #ifdef WITH_OPENSSL
 DH	*mm_choose_dh(int, int, int);
@@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ u_int session_id2_len = 0;
 
 int
 mm_sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, u_int *lenp,
-    const u_char *data, u_int datalen, const char *alg, const char *sk_provider,
-    u_int compat)
+    const u_char *data, u_int datalen, const char *alg,
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin, u_int compat)
 {
 	return (-1);
 }
@@ -567,5 +567,5 @@ _ssh_host_key_sign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *privkey,
     const u_char *data, size_t dlen, const char *alg)
 {
 	return sshkey_sign(privkey, signature, slen, data, dlen,
-	    alg, NULL, ssh->compat);
+	    alg, NULL, NULL, ssh->compat);
 }
diff --git a/sshconnect2.c b/sshconnect2.c
index 74946da0..347e348c 100644
--- a/sshconnect2.c
+++ b/sshconnect2.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: sshconnect2.c,v 1.324 2020/06/27 13:39:09 bket Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: sshconnect2.c,v 1.325 2020/08/27 01:06:18 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2008 Damien Miller.  All rights reserved.
@@ -1175,7 +1175,7 @@ identity_sign(struct identity *id, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
 	struct sshkey *sign_key = NULL, *prv = NULL;
 	int r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
 	struct notifier_ctx *notifier = NULL;
-	char *fp = NULL;
+	char *fp = NULL, *pin = NULL, *prompt = NULL;
 
 	*sigp = NULL;
 	*lenp = 0;
@@ -1204,20 +1204,28 @@ identity_sign(struct identity *id, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
 			goto out;
 		}
 		sign_key = prv;
-		if (sshkey_is_sk(sign_key) &&
-		    (sign_key->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
-			/* XXX match batch mode should just skip these keys? */
-			if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key,
-			    options.fingerprint_hash, SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
-				fatal("%s: sshkey_fingerprint", __func__);
-			notifier = notify_start(options.batch_mode,
-			    "Confirm user presence for key %s %s",
-			    sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
-			free(fp);
+		if (sshkey_is_sk(sign_key)) {
+			if ((sign_key->sk_flags &
+			    SSH_SK_USER_VERIFICATION_REQD)) {
+				xasprintf(&prompt, "Enter PIN for %s key %s: ",
+				    sshkey_type(sign_key), id->filename);
+				pin = read_passphrase(prompt, 0);
+			}
+			if ((sign_key->sk_flags & SSH_SK_USER_PRESENCE_REQD)) {
+				/* XXX should batch mode just skip these? */
+				if ((fp = sshkey_fingerprint(sign_key,
+				    options.fingerprint_hash,
+				    SSH_FP_DEFAULT)) == NULL)
+					fatal("%s: fingerprint", __func__);
+				notifier = notify_start(options.batch_mode,
+				    "Confirm user presence for key %s %s",
+				    sshkey_type(sign_key), fp);
+				free(fp);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	if ((r = sshkey_sign(sign_key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen,
-	    alg, options.sk_provider, compat)) != 0) {
+	    alg, options.sk_provider, pin, compat)) != 0) {
 		debug("%s: sshkey_sign: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 		goto out;
 	}
@@ -1232,6 +1240,9 @@ identity_sign(struct identity *id, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
 	/* success */
 	r = 0;
  out:
+	free(prompt);
+	if (pin != NULL)
+		freezero(pin, strlen(pin));
 	notify_complete(notifier);
 	sshkey_free(prv);
 	return r;
diff --git a/sshd.c b/sshd.c
index d9a159f6..8aa7f3df 100644
--- a/sshd.c
+++ b/sshd.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: sshd.c,v 1.560 2020/07/03 10:12:26 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: sshd.c,v 1.561 2020/08/27 01:06:19 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
  * Copyright (c) 1995 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
@@ -2338,19 +2338,19 @@ sshd_hostkey_sign(struct ssh *ssh, struct sshkey *privkey,
 	if (use_privsep) {
 		if (privkey) {
 			if (mm_sshkey_sign(ssh, privkey, signature, slenp,
-			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider,
+			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider, NULL,
 			    ssh->compat) < 0)
 				fatal("%s: privkey sign failed", __func__);
 		} else {
 			if (mm_sshkey_sign(ssh, pubkey, signature, slenp,
-			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider,
+			    data, dlen, alg, options.sk_provider, NULL,
 			    ssh->compat) < 0)
 				fatal("%s: pubkey sign failed", __func__);
 		}
 	} else {
 		if (privkey) {
 			if (sshkey_sign(privkey, signature, slenp, data, dlen,
-			    alg, options.sk_provider, ssh->compat) < 0)
+			    alg, options.sk_provider, NULL, ssh->compat) < 0)
 				fatal("%s: privkey sign failed", __func__);
 		} else {
 			if ((r = ssh_agent_sign(auth_sock, pubkey,
diff --git a/sshkey.c b/sshkey.c
index 10b9e467..ac451f1a 100644
--- a/sshkey.c
+++ b/sshkey.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: sshkey.c,v 1.110 2020/06/24 15:07:33 markus Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: sshkey.c,v 1.111 2020/08/27 01:06:19 djm Exp $ */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2008 Alexander von Gernler.  All rights reserved.
@@ -2727,7 +2727,7 @@ int
 sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *key,
     u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
     const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
-    const char *alg, const char *sk_provider, u_int compat)
+    const char *alg, const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin, u_int compat)
 {
 	int was_shielded = sshkey_is_shielded(key);
 	int r2, r = SSH_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR;
@@ -2766,7 +2766,7 @@ sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *key,
 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK_CERT:
 	case KEY_ECDSA_SK:
 		r = sshsk_sign(sk_provider, key, sigp, lenp, data,
-		    datalen, compat, /* XXX PIN */ NULL);
+		    datalen, compat, sk_pin);
 		break;
 #ifdef WITH_XMSS
 	case KEY_XMSS:
@@ -2888,7 +2888,8 @@ sshkey_drop_cert(struct sshkey *k)
 /* Sign a certified key, (re-)generating the signed certblob. */
 int
 sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg,
-    const char *sk_provider, sshkey_certify_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin,
+    sshkey_certify_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
 {
 	struct sshbuf *principals = NULL;
 	u_char *ca_blob = NULL, *sig_blob = NULL, nonce[32];
@@ -3026,7 +3027,7 @@ sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg,
 
 	/* Sign the whole mess */
 	if ((ret = signer(ca, &sig_blob, &sig_len, sshbuf_ptr(cert),
-	    sshbuf_len(cert), alg, sk_provider, 0, signer_ctx)) != 0)
+	    sshbuf_len(cert), alg, sk_provider, sk_pin, 0, signer_ctx)) != 0)
 		goto out;
 	/* Check and update signature_type against what was actually used */
 	if ((ret = sshkey_get_sigtype(sig_blob, sig_len, &sigtype)) != 0)
@@ -3056,19 +3057,20 @@ sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg,
 static int
 default_key_sign(struct sshkey *key, u_char **sigp, size_t *lenp,
     const u_char *data, size_t datalen,
-    const char *alg, const char *sk_provider, u_int compat, void *ctx)
+    const char *alg, const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin,
+    u_int compat, void *ctx)
 {
 	if (ctx != NULL)
 		return SSH_ERR_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
 	return sshkey_sign(key, sigp, lenp, data, datalen, alg,
-	    sk_provider, compat);
+	    sk_provider, sk_pin, compat);
 }
 
 int
 sshkey_certify(struct sshkey *k, struct sshkey *ca, const char *alg,
-    const char *sk_provider)
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin)
 {
-	return sshkey_certify_custom(k, ca, alg, sk_provider,
+	return sshkey_certify_custom(k, ca, alg, sk_provider, sk_pin,
 	    default_key_sign, NULL);
 }
 
diff --git a/sshkey.h b/sshkey.h
index 9c1d4f63..2d8b6249 100644
--- a/sshkey.h
+++ b/sshkey.h
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $OpenBSD: sshkey.h,v 1.45 2020/04/08 00:08:46 djm Exp $ */
+/* $OpenBSD: sshkey.h,v 1.46 2020/08/27 01:06:19 djm Exp $ */
 
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Markus Friedl.  All rights reserved.
@@ -200,12 +200,13 @@ size_t	 sshkey_format_cert_validity(const struct sshkey_cert *,
 int	 sshkey_check_cert_sigtype(const struct sshkey *, const char *);
 
 int	 sshkey_certify(struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *,
-    const char *, const char *);
+    const char *, const char *, const char *);
 /* Variant allowing use of a custom signature function (e.g. for ssh-agent) */
 typedef int sshkey_certify_signer(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
-    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, u_int, void *);
+    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, const char *,
+    u_int, void *);
 int	 sshkey_certify_custom(struct sshkey *, struct sshkey *, const char *,
-    const char *, sshkey_certify_signer *, void *);
+    const char *, const char *, sshkey_certify_signer *, void *);
 
 int		 sshkey_ecdsa_nid_from_name(const char *);
 int		 sshkey_curve_name_to_nid(const char *);
@@ -234,7 +235,7 @@ int	 sshkey_plain_to_blob(const struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *);
 int	 sshkey_putb_plain(const struct sshkey *, struct sshbuf *);
 
 int	 sshkey_sign(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
-    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, u_int);
+    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, const char *, u_int);
 int	 sshkey_verify(const struct sshkey *, const u_char *, size_t,
     const u_char *, size_t, const char *, u_int, struct sshkey_sig_details **);
 int	 sshkey_check_sigtype(const u_char *, size_t, const char *);
diff --git a/sshsig.c b/sshsig.c
index 15f9cead..658b8c85 100644
--- a/sshsig.c
+++ b/sshsig.c
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ done:
 
 static int
 sshsig_wrap_sign(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg,
-    const char *sk_provider, const struct sshbuf *h_message,
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin, const struct sshbuf *h_message,
     const char *sig_namespace, struct sshbuf **out,
     sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
 {
@@ -185,14 +185,14 @@ sshsig_wrap_sign(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg,
 	if (signer != NULL) {
 		if ((r = signer(key, &sig, &slen,
 		    sshbuf_ptr(tosign), sshbuf_len(tosign),
-		    sign_alg, sk_provider, 0, signer_ctx)) != 0) {
+		    sign_alg, sk_provider, sk_pin, 0, signer_ctx)) != 0) {
 			error("Couldn't sign message: %s", ssh_err(r));
 			goto done;
 		}
 	} else {
 		if ((r = sshkey_sign(key, &sig, &slen,
 		    sshbuf_ptr(tosign), sshbuf_len(tosign),
-		    sign_alg, sk_provider, 0)) != 0) {
+		    sign_alg, sk_provider, sk_pin, 0)) != 0) {
 			error("Couldn't sign message: %s", ssh_err(r));
 			goto done;
 		}
@@ -430,7 +430,8 @@ hash_buffer(const struct sshbuf *m, const char *hashalg, struct sshbuf **bp)
 }
 
 int
-sshsig_signb(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg, const char *sk_provider,
+sshsig_signb(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg,
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin,
     const struct sshbuf *message, const char *sig_namespace,
     struct sshbuf **out, sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
 {
@@ -445,7 +446,7 @@ sshsig_signb(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg, const char *sk_provider,
 		error("%s: hash_buffer failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 		goto out;
 	}
-	if ((r = sshsig_wrap_sign(key, hashalg, sk_provider, b,
+	if ((r = sshsig_wrap_sign(key, hashalg, sk_provider, sk_pin, b,
 	    sig_namespace, out, signer, signer_ctx)) != 0)
 		goto out;
 	/* success */
@@ -558,7 +559,8 @@ hash_file(int fd, const char *hashalg, struct sshbuf **bp)
 }
 
 int
-sshsig_sign_fd(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg, const char *sk_provider,
+sshsig_sign_fd(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg,
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin,
     int fd, const char *sig_namespace, struct sshbuf **out,
     sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx)
 {
@@ -573,7 +575,7 @@ sshsig_sign_fd(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg, const char *sk_provider,
 		error("%s: hash_file failed: %s", __func__, ssh_err(r));
 		return r;
 	}
-	if ((r = sshsig_wrap_sign(key, hashalg, sk_provider, b,
+	if ((r = sshsig_wrap_sign(key, hashalg, sk_provider, sk_pin, b,
 	    sig_namespace, out, signer, signer_ctx)) != 0)
 		goto out;
 	/* success */
diff --git a/sshsig.h b/sshsig.h
index 63cc1ad1..44157bc2 100644
--- a/sshsig.h
+++ b/sshsig.h
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ struct sshsigopt;
 struct sshkey_sig_details;
 
 typedef int sshsig_signer(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
-    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, u_int, void *);
+    const u_char *, size_t, const char *, const char *, const char *,
+    u_int, void *);
 
 /* Buffer-oriented API */
 
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ typedef int sshsig_signer(struct sshkey *, u_char **, size_t *,
  * out is populated with the detached signature, or NULL on failure.
  */
 int sshsig_signb(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg,
-    const char *sk_provider, const struct sshbuf *message,
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin, const struct sshbuf *message,
     const char *sig_namespace, struct sshbuf **out,
     sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx);
 
@@ -54,7 +55,8 @@ int sshsig_verifyb(struct sshbuf *signature,
  * out is populated with the detached signature, or NULL on failure.
  */
 int sshsig_sign_fd(struct sshkey *key, const char *hashalg,
-    const char *sk_provider, int fd, const char *sig_namespace,
+    const char *sk_provider, const char *sk_pin,
+    int fd, const char *sig_namespace,
     struct sshbuf **out, sshsig_signer *signer, void *signer_ctx);
 
 /*