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|
/*
* zswap.c - zswap driver file
*
* zswap is a backend for frontswap that takes pages that are in the process
* of being swapped out and attempts to compress and store them in a
* RAM-based memory pool. This can result in a significant I/O reduction on
* the swap device and, in the case where decompressing from RAM is faster
* than reading from the swap device, can also improve workload performance.
*
* Copyright (C) 2012 Seth Jennings <sjenning@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
* as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
* of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/atomic.h>
#include <linux/frontswap.h>
#include <linux/rbtree.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/crypto.h>
#include <linux/mempool.h>
#include <linux/zpool.h>
#include <linux/mm_types.h>
#include <linux/page-flags.h>
#include <linux/swapops.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
/*********************************
* statistics
**********************************/
/* Total bytes used by the compressed storage */
static u64 zswap_pool_total_size;
/* The number of compressed pages currently stored in zswap */
static atomic_t zswap_stored_pages = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
/*
* The statistics below are not protected from concurrent access for
* performance reasons so they may not be a 100% accurate. However,
* they do provide useful information on roughly how many times a
* certain event is occurring.
*/
/* Pool limit was hit (see zswap_max_pool_percent) */
static u64 zswap_pool_limit_hit;
/* Pages written back when pool limit was reached */
static u64 zswap_written_back_pages;
/* Store failed due to a reclaim failure after pool limit was reached */
static u64 zswap_reject_reclaim_fail;
/* Compressed page was too big for the allocator to (optimally) store */
static u64 zswap_reject_compress_poor;
/* Store failed because underlying allocator could not get memory */
static u64 zswap_reject_alloc_fail;
/* Store failed because the entry metadata could not be allocated (rare) */
static u64 zswap_reject_kmemcache_fail;
/* Duplicate store was encountered (rare) */
static u64 zswap_duplicate_entry;
/*********************************
* tunables
**********************************/
/* Enable/disable zswap (disabled by default, fixed at boot for now) */
static bool zswap_enabled __read_mostly;
module_param_named(enabled, zswap_enabled, bool, 0444);
/* Compressor to be used by zswap (fixed at boot for now) */
#define ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT "lzo"
static char *zswap_compressor = ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT;
module_param_named(compressor, zswap_compressor, charp, 0444);
/* The maximum percentage of memory that the compressed pool can occupy */
static unsigned int zswap_max_pool_percent = 20;
module_param_named(max_pool_percent,
zswap_max_pool_percent, uint, 0644);
/* Compressed storage to use */
#define ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT "zbud"
static char *zswap_zpool_type = ZSWAP_ZPOOL_DEFAULT;
module_param_named(zpool, zswap_zpool_type, charp, 0444);
/* zpool is shared by all of zswap backend */
static struct zpool *zswap_pool;
/*********************************
* compression functions
**********************************/
/* per-cpu compression transforms */
static struct crypto_comp * __percpu *zswap_comp_pcpu_tfms;
enum comp_op {
ZSWAP_COMPOP_COMPRESS,
ZSWAP_COMPOP_DECOMPRESS
};
static int zswap_comp_op(enum comp_op op, const u8 *src, unsigned int slen,
u8 *dst, unsigned int *dlen)
{
struct crypto_comp *tfm;
int ret;
tfm = *per_cpu_ptr(zswap_comp_pcpu_tfms, get_cpu());
switch (op) {
case ZSWAP_COMPOP_COMPRESS:
ret = crypto_comp_compress(tfm, src, slen, dst, dlen);
break;
case ZSWAP_COMPOP_DECOMPRESS:
ret = crypto_comp_decompress(tfm, src, slen, dst, dlen);
break;
default:
ret = -EINVAL;
}
put_cpu();
return ret;
}
static int __init zswap_comp_init(void)
{
if (!crypto_has_comp(zswap_compressor, 0, 0)) {
pr_info("%s compressor not available\n", zswap_compressor);
/* fall back to default compressor */
zswap_compressor = ZSWAP_COMPRESSOR_DEFAULT;
if (!crypto_has_comp(zswap_compressor, 0, 0))
/* can't even load the default compressor */
return -ENODEV;
}
pr_info("using %s compressor\n", zswap_compressor);
/* alloc percpu transforms */
zswap_comp_pcpu_tfms = alloc_percpu(struct crypto_comp *);
if (!zswap_comp_pcpu_tfms)
return -ENOMEM;
return 0;
}
static void __init zswap_comp_exit(void)
{
/* free percpu transforms */
free_percpu(zswap_comp_pcpu_tfms);
}
/*********************************
* data structures
**********************************/
/*
* struct zswap_entry
*
* This structure contains the metadata for tracking a single compressed
* page within zswap.
*
* rbnode - links the entry into red-black tree for the appropriate swap type
* refcount - the number of outstanding reference to the entry. This is needed
* to protect against premature freeing of the entry by code
* concurrent calls to load, invalidate, and writeback. The lock
* for the zswap_tree structure that contains the entry must
* be held while changing the refcount. Since the lock must
* be held, there is no reason to also make refcount atomic.
* offset - the swap offset for the entry. Index into the red-black tree.
* handle - zpool allocation handle that stores the compressed page data
* length - the length in bytes of the compressed page data. Needed during
* decompression
*/
struct zswap_entry {
struct rb_node rbnode;
pgoff_t offset;
int refcount;
unsigned int length;
unsigned long handle;
};
struct zswap_header {
swp_entry_t swpentry;
};
/*
* The tree lock in the zswap_tree struct protects a few things:
* - the rbtree
* - the refcount field of each entry in the tree
*/
struct zswap_tree {
struct rb_root rbroot;
spinlock_t lock;
};
static struct zswap_tree *zswap_trees[MAX_SWAPFILES];
/*********************************
* zswap entry functions
**********************************/
static struct kmem_cache *zswap_entry_cache;
static int __init zswap_entry_cache_create(void)
{
zswap_entry_cache = KMEM_CACHE(zswap_entry, 0);
return zswap_entry_cache == NULL;
}
static void __init zswap_entry_cache_destroy(void)
{
kmem_cache_destroy(zswap_entry_cache);
}
static
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