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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs
Pull uaccess.h prepwork from Al Viro:
"Preparations to tree-wide switch to use of linux/uaccess.h (which,
obviously, will allow to start unifying stuff for real). The last step
there, ie
PATT='^[[:blank:]]*#[[:blank:]]*include[[:blank:]]*<asm/uaccess.h>'
sed -i -e "s!$PATT!#include <linux/uaccess.h>!" \
`git grep -l "$PATT"|grep -v ^include/linux/uaccess.h`
is not taken here - I would prefer to do it once just before or just
after -rc1. However, everything should be ready for it"
* 'work.uaccess2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
remove a stray reference to asm/uaccess.h in docs
sparc64: separate extable_64.h, switch elf_64.h to it
score: separate extable.h, switch module.h to it
mips: separate extable.h, switch module.h to it
x86: separate extable.h, switch sections.h to it
remove stray include of asm/uaccess.h from cacheflush.h
mn10300: remove a bogus processor.h->uaccess.h include
xtensa: split uaccess.h into C and asm sides
bonding: quit messing with IOCTL
kill __kernel_ds_p off
mn10300: finish verify_area() off
frv: move HAVE_ARCH_UNMAPPED_AREA to pgtable.h
exceptions: detritus removal
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When doing an nmi backtrace of many cores, most of which are idle, the
output is a little overwhelming and very uninformative. Suppress
messages for cpus that are idling when they are interrupted and just
emit one line, "NMI backtrace for N skipped: idling at pc 0xNNN".
We do this by grouping all the cpuidle code together into a new
.cpuidle.text section, and then checking the address of the interrupted
PC to see if it lies within that section.
This commit suitably tags x86 and tile idle routines, and only adds in
the minimal framework for other architectures.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-5-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm]
Tested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
"Summary of PCI changes for the v4.9 merge window:
Enumeration:
- microblaze: Add multidomain support for procfs (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
Resource management:
- Ignore requested alignment for PROBE_ONLY and fixed resources (Yongji Xie)
- Ignore requested alignment for VF BARs (Yongji Xie)
PCI device hotplug:
- Make core explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
PCIe native device hotplug:
- Rename pcie_isr() locals for clarity (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Return IRQ_NONE when we can't read interrupt status (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove unnecessary guard (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Clean up dmesg "Slot(%s)" messages (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove useless pciehp_get_latch_status() calls (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Clear attention LED on device add (Keith Busch)
- Allow exclusive userspace control of indicators (Keith Busch)
- Process all hotplug events before looking for new ones (Mayurkumar Patel)
- Don't re-read Slot Status when queuing hotplug event (Mayurkumar Patel)
- Don't re-read Slot Status when handling surprise event (Mayurkumar Patel)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
Power management:
- Afford direct-complete to devices with non-standard PM (Lukas Wunner)
- Query platform firmware for device power state (Lukas Wunner)
- Recognize D3cold in pci_update_current_state() (Lukas Wunner)
- Avoid unnecessary resume after direct-complete (Lukas Wunner)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
Virtualization:
- Mark Atheros AR9580 to avoid bus reset (Maik Broemme)
- Check for pci_setup_device() failure in pci_iov_add_virtfn() (Po Liu)
MSI:
- Enable PCI_MSI_IRQ_DOMAIN support for ARC (Joao Pinto)
AER:
- Remove aerdriver.nosourceid kernel parameter (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove aerdriver.forceload kernel parameter (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Fix aer_probe() kernel-doc comment (Cao jin)
- Add bus flag to skip source ID matching (Jon Derrick)
- Avoid memory allocation in interrupt handling path (Jon Derrick)
- Cache capability position (Keith Busch)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
- Remove duplicate AER severity translation (Tyler Baicar)
- Send correct severity to calculate AER severity (Tyler Baicar)
Precision Time Measurement:
- Add Precision Time Measurement (PTM) support (Jonathan Yong)
- Add PTM clock granularity information (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Add pci_enable_ptm() for drivers to enable PTM on endpoints (Bjorn Helgaas)
Generic host bridge driver:
- Fix pci_remap_iospace() failure path (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
Altera host bridge driver:
- Remove redundant platform_get_resource() return value check (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Poll for link training status after retraining the link (Ley Foon Tan)
- Rework config accessors for use without a struct pci_bus (Ley Foon Tan)
- Move retrain from fixup to altera_pcie_host_init() (Ley Foon Tan)
- Make MSI explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
- Relax device number checking to allow SR-IOV (Po Liu)
ARM Versatile host bridge driver:
- Fix pci_remap_iospace() failure path (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
Axis ARTPEC-6 host bridge driver:
- Drop __init from artpec6_add_pcie_port() (Niklas Cassel)
Freescale i.MX6 host bridge driver:
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
Intel VMD host bridge driver:
- Add quirk for AER to ignore source ID (Jon Derrick)
- Allocate IRQ lists with correct MSI-X count (Jon Derrick)
- Convert to use pci_alloc_irq_vectors() API (Jon Derrick)
- Eliminate vmd_vector member from list type (Jon Derrick)
- Eliminate index member from IRQ list (Jon Derrick)
- Synchronize with RCU freeing MSI IRQ descs (Keith Busch)
- Request userspace control of PCIe hotplug indicators (Keith Busch)
- Move VMD driver to drivers/pci/host (Keith Busch)
Marvell Aardvark host bridge driver:
- Fix pci_remap_iospace() failure path (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Remove redundant dev_err call in advk_pcie_probe() (Wei Yongjun)
Microsoft Hyper-V host bridge driver:
- Use zero-length array in struct pci_packet (Dexuan Cui)
- Use pci_function_description[0] in struct definitions (Dexuan Cui)
- Remove the unused 'wrk' in struct hv_pcibus_device (Dexuan Cui)
- Handle vmbus_sendpacket() failure in hv_compose_msi_msg() (Dexuan Cui)
- Handle hv_pci_generic_compl() error case (Dexuan Cui)
- Use list_move_tail() instead of list_del() + list_add_tail() (Wei Yongjun)
NVIDIA Tegra host bridge driver:
- Fix pci_remap_iospace() failure path (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Remove redundant _data suffix (Thierry Reding)
- Use of_device_get_match_data() (Thierry Reding)
Qualcomm host bridge driver:
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
Renesas R-Car host bridge driver:
- Consolidate register space lookup and ioremap (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Don't disable/unprepare clocks on prepare/enable failure (Geert Uytterhoeven)
- Add multi-MSI support (Grigory Kletsko)
- Fix pci_remap_iospace() failure path (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Fix some checkpatch warnings (Sergei Shtylyov)
- Try increasing PCIe link speed to 5 GT/s at boot (Sergei Shtylyov)
Rockchip host bridge driver:
- Add DT bindings for Rockchip PCIe controller (Shawn Lin)
- Add Rockchip PCIe controller support (Shawn Lin)
- Improve the deassert sequence of four reset pins (Shawn Lin)
- Fix wrong transmitted FTS count (Shawn Lin)
- Increase the Max Credit update interval (Rajat Jain)
Samsung Exynos host bridge driver:
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
ST Microelectronics SPEAr13xx host bridge driver:
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
Synopsys DesignWare host bridge driver:
- Return data directly from dw_pcie_readl_rc() (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Exchange viewport of `MEMORYs' and `CFGs/IOs' (Dong Bo)
- Check LTSSM training bit before deciding link is up (Jisheng Zhang)
- Move link wait definitions to .c file (Joao Pinto)
- Wait for iATU enable (Joao Pinto)
- Add iATU Unroll feature (Joao Pinto)
- Fix pci_remap_iospace() failure path (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
- Relax device number checking to allow SR-IOV (Po Liu)
- Keep viewport fixed for IO transaction if num_viewport > 2 (Pratyush Anand)
- Remove redundant platform_get_resource() return value check (Wei Yongjun)
TI DRA7xx host bridge driver:
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
TI Keystone host bridge driver:
- Propagate request_irq() failure (Wei Yongjun)
Xilinx AXI host bridge driver:
- Keep both legacy and MSI interrupt domain references (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Clear interrupt register for invalid interrupt (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Clear correct MSI set bit (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Dispose of MSI virtual IRQ (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
- Relax device number checking to allow SR-IOV (Po Liu)
Xilinx NWL host bridge driver:
- Expand error logging (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Enable all MSI interrupts using MSI mask (Bharat Kumar Gogada)
- Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
Miscellaneous:
- Drop CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE ifdeffery (Lukas Wunner)
- portdrv: Make explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)
- Make DPC explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)"
* tag 'pci-v4.9-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (105 commits)
x86/PCI: VMD: Move VMD driver to drivers/pci/host
PCI: rockchip: Fix wrong transmitted FTS count
PCI: rockchip: Improve the deassert sequence of four reset pins
PCI: rockchip: Increase the Max Credit update interval
PCI: rcar: Try increasing PCIe link speed to 5 GT/s at boot
PCI/AER: Fix aer_probe() kernel-doc comment
PCI: Ignore requested alignment for VF BARs
PCI: Ignore requested alignment for PROBE_ONLY and fixed resources
PCI: Avoid unnecessary resume after direct-complete
PCI: Recognize D3cold in pci_update_current_state()
PCI: Query platform firmware for device power state
PCI: Afford direct-complete to devices with non-standard PM
PCI/AER: Cache capability position
PCI/AER: Avoid memory allocation in interrupt handling path
x86/PCI: VMD: Request userspace control of PCIe hotplug indicators
PCI: pciehp: Allow exclusive userspace control of indicators
ACPI / APEI: Send correct severity to calculate AER severity
PCI/AER: Remove duplicate AER severity translation
x86/PCI: VMD: Synchronize with RCU freeing MSI IRQ descs
x86/PCI: VMD: Eliminate index member from IRQ list
...
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externs and defines for stuff that is never used
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
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We create a procfs directory for every PCI bus. Previously, the directory
name was just the bus number, so using the same bus number in different
domains caused a kernel crash when we tried to create a duplicate
directory.
Make pci_proc_domain() return the domain number, so procfs directories for
buses in domain 0 are named with just the bus number, and directories for
buses in other domains include both the domain number and the bus number.
[bhelgaas: changelog]
Signed-off-by: Bharat Kumar Gogada <bharatku@xilinx.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Simek <michal.simek@xilinx.com>
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Storing this value will help prevent unwinders from getting out of sync
with the function graph tracer ret_stack. Now instead of needing a
stateful iterator, they can compare the return address pointer to find
the right ret_stack entry.
Note that an array of 50 ftrace_ret_stack structs is allocated for every
task. So when an arch implements this, it will add either 200 or 400
bytes of memory usage per task (depending on whether it's a 32-bit or
64-bit platform).
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/a95cfcc39e8f26b89a430c56926af0bb217bc0a1.1471607358.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
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The dma-mapping core and the implementations do not change the DMA
attributes passed by pointer. Thus the pointer can point to const data.
However the attributes do not have to be a bitfield. Instead unsigned
long will do fine:
1. This is just simpler. Both in terms of reading the code and setting
attributes. Instead of initializing local attributes on the stack
and passing pointer to it to dma_set_attr(), just set the bits.
2. It brings safeness and checking for const correctness because the
attributes are passed by value.
Semantic patches for this change (at least most of them):
virtual patch
virtual context
@r@
identifier f, attrs;
@@
f(...,
- struct dma_attrs *attrs
+ unsigned long attrs
, ...)
{
...
}
@@
identifier r.f;
@@
f(...,
- NULL
+ 0
)
and
// Options: --all-includes
virtual patch
virtual context
@r@
identifier f, attrs;
type t;
@@
t f(..., struct dma_attrs *attrs);
@@
identifier r.f;
@@
f(...,
- NULL
+ 0
)
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468399300-5399-2-git-send-email-k.kozlowski@samsung.com
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <k.kozlowski@samsung.com>
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Acked-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com>
Acked-by: Hans-Christian Noren Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Acked-by: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com> [c6x]
Acked-by: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com> [cris]
Acked-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch> [drm]
Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bart.vanassche@sandisk.com>
Acked-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de> [iommu]
Acked-by: Fabien Dessenne <fabien.dessenne@st.com> [bdisp]
Reviewed-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> [vb2-core]
Acked-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com> [xen]
Acked-by: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com> [xen swiotlb]
Acked-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de> [iommu]
Acked-by: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org> [hexagon]
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> [m68k]
Acked-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com> [s390]
Acked-by: Bjorn Andersson <bjorn.andersson@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Hans-Christian Noren Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no> [avr32]
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com> [arc]
Acked-by: Robin Murphy <robin.murphy@arm.com> [arm64 and dma-iommu]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge yet more updates from Andrew Morton:
- the rest of ocfs2
- various hotfixes, mainly MM
- quite a bit of misc stuff - drivers, fork, exec, signals, etc.
- printk updates
- firmware
- checkpatch
- nilfs2
- more kexec stuff than usual
- rapidio updates
- w1 things
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (111 commits)
ipc: delete "nr_ipc_ns"
kcov: allow more fine-grained coverage instrumentation
init/Kconfig: add clarification for out-of-tree modules
config: add android config fragments
init/Kconfig: ban CONFIG_LOCALVERSION_AUTO with allmodconfig
relay: add global mode support for buffer-only channels
init: allow blacklisting of module_init functions
w1:omap_hdq: fix regression
w1: add helper macro module_w1_family
w1: remove need for ida and use PLATFORM_DEVID_AUTO
rapidio/switches: add driver for IDT gen3 switches
powerpc/fsl_rio: apply changes for RIO spec rev 3
rapidio: modify for rev.3 specification changes
rapidio: change inbound window size type to u64
rapidio/idt_gen2: fix locking warning
rapidio: fix error handling in mbox request/release functions
rapidio/tsi721_dma: advance queue processing from transfer submit call
rapidio/tsi721: add messaging mbox selector parameter
rapidio/tsi721: add PCIe MRRS override parameter
rapidio/tsi721_dma: add channel mask and queue size parameters
...
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In general, there's no need for the "restore sigmask" flag to live in
ti->flags. alpha, ia64, microblaze, powerpc, sh, sparc (64-bit only),
tile, and x86 use essentially identical alternative implementations,
placing the flag in ti->status.
Replace those optimized implementations with an equally good common
implementation that stores it in a bitfield in struct task_struct and
drop the custom implementations.
Additional architectures can opt in by removing their
TIF_RESTORE_SIGMASK defines.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8a14321d64a28e40adfddc90e18a96c086a6d6f9.1468522723.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> [powerpc]
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Dmitry Safonov <dsafonov@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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There was only one use of __initdata_refok and __exit_refok
__init_refok was used 46 times against 82 for __ref.
Those definitions are obsolete since commit 312b1485fb50 ("Introduce new
section reference annotations tags: __ref, __refdata, __refconst")
This patch removes the following compatibility definitions and replaces
them treewide.
/* compatibility defines */
#define __init_refok __ref
#define __initdata_refok __refdata
#define __exit_refok __ref
I can also provide separate patches if necessary.
(One patch per tree and check in 1 month or 2 to remove old definitions)
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466796271-3043-1-git-send-email-fabf@skynet.be
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
"Highlights:
- ARM64 support for ACPI host bridges
- new drivers for Axis ARTPEC-6 and Marvell Aardvark
- new pci_alloc_irq_vectors() interface for MSI-X, MSI, legacy INTx
- pci_resource_to_user() cleanup (more to come)
Detailed summary:
Enumeration:
- Move ecam.h to linux/include/pci-ecam.h (Jayachandran C)
- Add parent device field to ECAM struct pci_config_window (Jayachandran C)
- Add generic MCFG table handling (Tomasz Nowicki)
- Refactor pci_bus_assign_domain_nr() for CONFIG_PCI_DOMAINS_GENERIC (Tomasz Nowicki)
- Factor DT-specific pci_bus_find_domain_nr() code out (Tomasz Nowicki)
Resource management:
- Add devm_request_pci_bus_resources() (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Unify pci_resource_to_user() declarations (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Implement pci_resource_to_user() with pcibios_resource_to_bus() (microblaze, powerpc, sparc) (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Request host bridge window resources (designware, iproc, rcar, xgene, xilinx, xilinx-nwl) (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Make PCI I/O space optional on ARM32 (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Ignore write combining when mapping I/O port space (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Claim bus resources on MIPS PCI_PROBE_ONLY set-ups (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Remove unicore32 pci=firmware command line parameter handling (Bjorn Helgaas)
- Support I/O resources when parsing host bridge resources (Jayachandran C)
- Add helpers to request/release memory and I/O regions (Johannes Thumshirn)
- Use pci_(request|release)_mem_regions (NVMe, lpfc, GenWQE, ethernet/intel, alx) (Johannes Thumshirn)
- Extend pci=resource_alignment to specify device/vendor IDs (Koehrer Mathias (ETAS/ESW5))
- Add generic pci_bus_claim_resources() (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Claim bus resources on ARM32 PCI_PROBE_ONLY set-ups (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Remove ARM32 and ARM64 arch-specific pcibios_enable_device() (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
- Add pci_unmap_iospace() to unmap I/O resources (Sinan Kaya)
- Remove powerpc __pci_mmap_set_pgprot() (Yinghai Lu)
PCI device hotplug:
- Allow additional bus numbers for hotplug bridges (Keith Busch)
- Ignore interrupts during D3cold (Lukas Wunner)
Power management:
- Enforce type casting for pci_power_t (Andy Shevchenko)
- Don't clear d3cold_allowed for PCIe ports (Mika Westerberg)
- Put PCIe ports into D3 during suspend (Mika Westerberg)
- Power on bridges before scanning new devices (Mika Westerberg)
- Runtime resume bridge before rescan (Mika Westerberg)
- Add runtime PM support for PCIe ports (Mika Westerberg)
- Remove redundant check of pcie_set_clkpm (Shawn Lin)
Virtualization:
- Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SE9182 (Aaron Sierra)
- Add DMA alias quirk for Adaptec 3805 (Alex Williamson)
- Mark Atheros AR9485 and QCA9882 to avoid bus reset (Chris Blake)
- Add ACS quirk for Solarflare SFC9220 (Edward Cree)
MSI:
- Fix PCI_MSI dependencies (Arnd Bergmann)
- Add pci_msix_desc_addr() helper (Christoph Hellwig)
- Switch msix_program_entries() to use pci_msix_desc_addr() (Christoph Hellwig)
- Make the "entries" argument to pci_enable_msix() optional (Christoph Hellwig)
- Provide sensible IRQ vector alloc/free routines (Christoph Hellwig)
- Spread interrupt vectors in pci_alloc_irq_vectors() (Christoph Hellwig)
Error Handling:
- Bind DPC to Root Ports as well as Downstream Ports (Keith Busch)
- Remove DPC tristate module option (Keith Busch)
- Convert Downstream Port Containment driver to use devm_* functions (Mika Westerberg)
Generic host bridge driver:
- Select IRQ_DOMAIN (Arnd Bergmann)
- Claim bus resources on PCI_PROBE_ONLY set-ups (Lorenzo Pieralisi)
ACPI host bridge driver:
- Add ARM64 acpi_pci_bus_find_domain_nr() (Tomasz Nowicki)
- Add ARM64 ACPI support for legacy IRQs parsing and consolidation with DT code (Tomasz Nowicki)
- Implement ARM64 AML accessors for PCI_Config region (Tomasz Nowicki)
- Support ARM64 ACPI-based PCI host controller (Tomasz Nowicki)
Altera host bridge driver:
- Check link status before retrain link (Ley Foon Tan)
- Poll for link up status after retraining the link (Ley Foon Tan)
Axis ARTPEC-6 host bridge driver:
- Add PCI_MSI_IRQ_DOMAIN dependency (Arnd Bergmann)
- Add DT binding for Axis ARTPEC-6 PCIe controller (Niklas Cassel)
- Add Axis ARTPEC-6 PCIe controller driver (Niklas Cassel)
Intel VMD host bridge driver:
- Use lock save/restore in interrupt enable path (Jon Derrick)
- Select device dma ops to override (Keith Busch)
- Initialize list item in IRQ disable (Keith Busch)
- Use x86_vector_domain as parent domain (Keith Busch)
- Separate MSI and MSI-X vector sharing (Keith Busch)
Marvell Aardvark host bridge driver:
- Add DT binding for the Aardvark PCIe controller (Thomas Petazzoni)
- Add Aardvark PCI host controller driver (Thomas Petazzoni)
- Add Aardvark PCIe support for Armada 3700 (Thomas Petazzoni)
Microsoft Hyper-V host bridge driver:
- Fix interrupt cleanup path (Cathy Avery)
- Don't leak buffer in hv_pci_onchannelcallback() (Vitaly Kuznetsov)
- Handle all pending messages in hv_pci_onchannelcallback() (Vitaly Kuznetsov)
NVIDIA Tegra host bridge driver:
- Program PADS_REFCLK_CFG* always, not just on legacy SoCs (Stephen Warren)
- Program PADS_REFCLK_CFG* registers with per-SoC values (Stephen Warren)
- Use lower-case hex consistently for register definitions (Thierry Reding)
- Use generic pci_remap_iospace() rather than ARM32-specific one (Thierry Reding)
- Stop setting pcibios_min_mem (Thierry Reding)
Renesas R-Car host bridge driver:
- Drop gen2 dummy I/O port region (Bjorn Helgaas)
TI DRA7xx host bridge driver:
- Fix return value in case of error (Christophe JAILLET)
Xilinx AXI host bridge driver:
- Fix return value in case of error (Christophe JAILLET)
Miscellaneous:
- Make bus_attr_resource_alignment static (Ben Dooks)
- Include <asm/dma.h> for isa_dma_bridge_buggy (Ben Dooks)
- MAINTAINERS: Add file patterns for PCI device tree bindings (Geert Uytterhoeven)
- Make host bridge drivers explicitly non-modular (Paul Gortmaker)"
* tag 'pci-v4.8-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (125 commits)
PCI: xgene: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: thunder-pem: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: thunder-ecam: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: tegra: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: rcar-gen2: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: rcar: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: mvebu: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: layerscape: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: keystone: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: hisi: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: generic: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: designware-plat: Make it explicitly non-modular
PCI: artpec6: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: armada8k: Make explicitly non-modular
PCI: artpec: Add PCI_MSI_IRQ_DOMAIN dependency
PCI: Add ACS quirk for Solarflare SFC9220
arm64: dts: marvell: Add Aardvark PCIe support for Armada 3700
PCI: aardvark: Add Aardvark PCI host controller driver
dt-bindings: add DT binding for the Aardvark PCIe controller
PCI: tegra: Program PADS_REFCLK_CFG* registers with per-SoC values
...
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Conflicts:
drivers/nvme/host/pci.c
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Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
- a few misc bits
- ocfs2
- most(?) of MM
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (125 commits)
thp: fix comments of __pmd_trans_huge_lock()
cgroup: remove unnecessary 0 check from css_from_id()
cgroup: fix idr leak for the first cgroup root
mm: memcontrol: fix documentation for compound parameter
mm: memcontrol: remove BUG_ON in uncharge_list
mm: fix build warnings in <linux/compaction.h>
mm, thp: convert from optimistic swapin collapsing to conservative
mm, thp: fix comment inconsistency for swapin readahead functions
thp: update Documentation/{vm/transhuge,filesystems/proc}.txt
shmem: split huge pages beyond i_size under memory pressure
thp: introduce CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGE_PAGECACHE
khugepaged: add support of collapse for tmpfs/shmem pages
shmem: make shmem_inode_info::lock irq-safe
khugepaged: move up_read(mmap_sem) out of khugepaged_alloc_page()
thp: extract khugepaged from mm/huge_memory.c
shmem, thp: respect MADV_{NO,}HUGEPAGE for file mappings
shmem: add huge pages support
shmem: get_unmapped_area align huge page
shmem: prepare huge= mount option and sysfs knob
mm, rmap: account shmem thp pages
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-gpio
Pull GPIO updates from Linus Walleij:
"This is the bulk of GPIO changes for the v4.8 kernel cycle. The big
news is the completion of the chardev ABI which I'm very happy about
and apart from that it's an ordinary, quite busy cycle. The details
are below.
The patches are tested in linux-next for some time, patches to other
subsystem mostly have ACKs.
I got overly ambitious with configureing lines as input for IRQ lines
but it turns out that some controllers have their interrupt-enable and
input-enabling in orthogonal settings so the assumption that all IRQ
lines are input lines does not hold. Oh well, revert and back to the
drawing board with that.
Core changes:
- The big item is of course the completion of the character device
ABI. It has now replaced and surpassed the former unmaintainable
sysfs ABI: we can now hammer (bitbang) individual lines or sets of
lines and read individual lines or sets of lines from userspace,
and we can also register to listen to GPIO events from userspace.
As a tie-in we have two new tools in tools/gpio: gpio-hammer and
gpio-event-mon that illustrate the proper use of the new ABI. As
someone said: the wild west days of GPIO are now over.
- Continued to remove the pointless ARCH_[WANT_OPTIONAL|REQUIRE]_GPIOLIB
Kconfig symbols. I'm patching hexagon, openrisc, powerpc, sh,
unicore, ia64 and microblaze. These are either ACKed by their
maintainers or patched anyways after a grace period and no response
from maintainers.
Some archs (ARM) come in from their trees, and others (x86) are
still not fixed, so I might send a second pull request to root it
out later in this merge window, or just defer to v4.9.
- The GPIO tools are moved to the tools build system.
New drivers:
- New driver for the MAX77620/MAX20024.
- New driver for the Intel Merrifield.
- Enabled PCA953x for the TI PCA9536.
- Enabled PCA953x for the Intel Edison.
- Enabled R8A7792 in the RCAR driver.
Driver improvements:
- The STMPE and F7188x now supports the .get_direction() callback.
- The Xilinx driver supports setting multiple lines at once.
- ACPI support for the Vulcan GPIO controller.
- The MMIO GPIO driver supports device tree probing.
- The Acer One 10 is supported through the _DEP ACPI attribute.
Cleanups:
- A major cleanup of the OF/DT support code. It is way easier to
read and understand now, probably this improves performance too.
- Drop a few redundant .owner assignments.
- Remove CLPS711x boardfile support: we are 100% DT"
* tag 'gpio-v4.8-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/linusw/linux-gpio: (67 commits)
MAINTAINERS: Add INTEL MERRIFIELD GPIO entry
gpio: dwapb: add missing fwnode_handle_put() in dwapb_gpio_get_pdata()
gpio: merrifield: Protect irq_ack() and gpio_set() by lock
gpio: merrifield: Introduce GPIO driver to support Merrifield
gpio: intel-mid: Make it depend to X86_INTEL_MID
gpio: intel-mid: Sort header block alphabetically
gpio: intel-mid: Remove potentially harmful code
gpio: rcar: add R8A7792 support
gpiolib: remove duplicated include from gpiolib.c
Revert "gpio: convince line to become input in irq helper"
gpiolib: of_find_gpio(): Don't discard errors
gpio: of: Allow overriding the device node
gpio: free handles in fringe cases
gpio: tps65218: Add platform_device_id table
gpio: max77620: get gpio value based on direction
gpio: lynxpoint: avoid potential warning on error path
tools/gpio: add install section
tools/gpio: move to tools buildsystem
gpio: intel-mid: switch to devm_gpiochip_add_data()
gpio: 74x164: Use spi_write() helper instead of open coding
...
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We always have vma->vm_mm around.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-8-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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http://git.linaro.org/people/daniel.lezcano/linux into timers/core
Pull the clockevents/clocksource tree from Daniel Lezcano:
- Convert the clocksource-probe init functions to return a value in order to
prepare the consolidation of the drivers using the DT. It is a big patchset
but went through 01.org (kbuild bot), linux next and kernel-ci (continuous
integration) (Daniel Lezcano)
- Fix a bad error handling by returning the right value for cadence_ttc
(Christophe Jaillet)
- Fix typo in the Kconfig for the Samsung pwm (Alexandre Belloni)
- Change functions to static for armada-370-xp and digicolor (Ben Dooks)
- Add support for the rk3399 SoC timer by adding bindings and a slight
change in the base address. Take the opportunity to add the DYNIRQ flag
(Huang Tao)
- Fix endian accessors for the Samsung pwm timer (Matthew Leach)
- Add Oxford Semiconductor RPS Dual Timer driver (Neil Armstrong)
- Add a kernel parameter to swich on/off the event stream feature of the arch
arm timer (Will Deacon)
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All the clocksource drivers's init function are now converted to return
an error code. CLOCKSOURCE_OF_DECLARE is no longer used as well as the
clksrc-of table.
Let's convert back the names:
- CLOCKSOURCE_OF_DECLARE_RET => CLOCKSOURCE_OF_DECLARE
- clksrc-of-ret => clksrc-of
Signed-off-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
For exynos_mct and samsung_pwm_timer:
Acked-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <k.kozlowski@samsung.com>
For arch/arc:
Acked-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
For mediatek driver:
Acked-by: Matthias Brugger <matthias.bgg@gmail.com>
For the Rockchip-part
Acked-by: Heiko Stuebner <heiko@sntech.de>
For STi :
Acked-by: Patrice Chotard <patrice.chotard@st.com>
For the mps2-timer.c and versatile.c changes:
Acked-by: Liviu Dudau <Liviu.Dudau@arm.com>
For the OXNAS part :
Acked-by: Neil Armstrong <narmstrong@baylibre.com>
For LPC32xx driver:
Acked-by: Sylvain Lemieux <slemieux.tyco@gmail.com>
For Broadcom Kona timer change:
Acked-by: Ray Jui <ray.jui@broadcom.com>
For Sun4i and Sun5i:
Acked-by: Chen-Yu Tsai <wens@csie.org>
For Meson6:
Acked-by: Carlo Caione <carlo@caione.org>
For Keystone:
Acked-by: Santosh Shilimkar <ssantosh@kernel.org>
For NPS:
Acked-by: Noam Camus <noamca@mellanox.com>
For bcm2835:
Acked-by: Eric Anholt <eric@anholt.net>
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The init functions do not return any error. They behave as the following:
- panic, thus leading to a kernel crash while another timer may work and
make the system boot up correctly
or
- print an error and let the caller unaware if the state of the system
Change that by converting the init functions to return an error conforming
to the CLOCKSOURCE_OF_RET prototype.
Proper error handling (rollback, errno value) will be changed later case
by case, thus this change just return back an error or success in the init
function.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Lezcano <daniel.lezcano@linaro.org>
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This is the third version of the patchset previously sent [1]. I have
basically only rebased it on top of 4.7-rc1 tree and dropped "dm: get
rid of superfluous gfp flags" which went through dm tree. I am sending
it now because it is tree wide and chances for conflicts are reduced
considerably when we want to target rc2. I plan to send the next step
and rename the flag and move to a better semantic later during this
release cycle so we will have a new semantic ready for 4.8 merge window
hopefully.
Motivation:
While working on something unrelated I've checked the current usage of
__GFP_REPEAT in the tree. It seems that a majority of the usage is and
always has been bogus because __GFP_REPEAT has always been about costly
high order allocations while we are using it for order-0 or very small
orders very often. It seems that a big pile of them is just a
copy&paste when a code has been adopted from one arch to another.
I think it makes some sense to get rid of them because they are just
making the semantic more unclear. Please note that GFP_REPEAT is
documented as
* __GFP_REPEAT: Try hard to allocate the memory, but the allocation attempt
* _might_ fail. This depends upon the particular VM implementation.
while !costly requests have basically nofail semantic. So one could
reasonably expect that order-0 request with __GFP_REPEAT will not loop
for ever. This is not implemented right now though.
I would like to move on with __GFP_REPEAT and define a better semantic
for it.
$ git grep __GFP_REPEAT origin/master | wc -l
111
$ git grep __GFP_REPEAT | wc -l
36
So we are down to the third after this patch series. The remaining
places really seem to be relying on __GFP_REPEAT due to large allocation
requests. This still needs some double checking which I will do later
after all the simple ones are sorted out.
I am touching a lot of arch specific code here and I hope I got it right
but as a matter of fact I even didn't compile test for some archs as I
do not have cross compiler for them. Patches should be quite trivial to
review for stupid compile mistakes though. The tricky parts are usually
hidden by macro definitions and thats where I would appreciate help from
arch maintainers.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1461849846-27209-1-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
This patch (of 19):
__GFP_REPEAT has a rather weak semantic but since it has been introduced
around 2.6.12 it has been ignored for low order allocations. Yet we
have the full kernel tree with its usage for apparently order-0
allocations. This is really confusing because __GFP_REPEAT is
explicitly documented to allow allocation failures which is a weaker
semantic than the current order-0 has (basically nofail).
Let's simply drop __GFP_REPEAT from those places. This would allow to
identify place which really need allocator to retry harder and formulate
a more specific semantic for what the flag is supposed to do actually.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464599699-30131-2-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com> [for tile]
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: John Crispin <blogic@openwrt.org>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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"User" addresses are shown in /sys/devices/pci.../.../resource and
/proc/bus/pci/devices and used as mmap offsets for /proc/bus/pci/BB/DD.F
files. For I/O port resources on microblaze, these are PCI bus addresses,
i.e., raw BAR values.
Previously pci_resource_to_user() computed the user address by subtracting
"hose->io_base_virt - _IO_BASE" from the resource start:
pci_resource_to_user()
if (IO)
offset = (unsigned long)hose->io_base_virt - _IO_BASE;
*start = rsrc->start - offset;
We've already told the PCI core about that "hose->io_base_virt - _IO_BASE"
offset:
pcibios_setup_phb_resources()
res = &hose->io_resource;
pci_add_resource_offset(resources, res, hose->io_base_virt - _IO_BASE);
so pcibios_resource_to_bus() knows how to do that translation.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
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Replace the pci_resource_to_user() declarations in each arch that defines
HAVE_ARCH_PCI_RESOURCE_TO_USER with a single one in linux/pci.h.
Change the MIPS static inline implementation to a non-inline version so the
static inline doesn't conflict with the new non-static linux/pci.h
declaration.
No functional change intended.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
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The microblaze __pci_mmap_set_pgprot() was apparently copied from powerpc,
where it computes either an uncacheable pgprot_t or a write-combining one.
But on microblaze, we always use the regular uncacheable pgprot_t.
Remove the useless code in __pci_mmap_set_pgprot() and inline it at the
only call site.
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Acked-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
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This symbols is not needed to get access to selecting the
GPIOLIB anymore: any arch can select GPIOLIB.
Cc: Michael Büsch <m@bues.ch>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij@linaro.org>
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Pull string hash improvements from George Spelvin:
"This series does several related things:
- Makes the dcache hash (fs/namei.c) useful for general kernel use.
(Thanks to Bruce for noticing the zero-length corner case)
- Converts the string hashes in <linux/sunrpc/svcauth.h> to use the
above.
- Avoids 64-bit multiplies in hash_64() on 32-bit platforms. Two
32-bit multiplies will do well enough.
- Rids the world of the bad hash multipliers in hash_32.
This finishes the job started in commit 689de1d6ca95 ("Minimal
fix-up of bad hashing behavior of hash_64()")
The vast majority of Linux architectures have hardware support for
32x32-bit multiply and so derive no benefit from "simplified"
multipliers.
The few processors that do not (68000, h8/300 and some models of
Microblaze) have arch-specific implementations added. Those
patches are last in the series.
- Overhauls the dcache hash mixing.
The patch in commit 0fed3ac866ea ("namei: Improve hash mixing if
CONFIG_DCACHE_WORD_ACCESS") was an off-the-cuff suggestion.
Replaced with a much more careful design that's simultaneously
faster and better. (My own invention, as there was noting suitable
in the literature I could find. Comments welcome!)
- Modify the hash_name() loop to skip the initial HASH_MIX(). This
would let us salt the hash if we ever wanted to.
- Sort out partial_name_hash().
The hash function is declared as using a long state, even though
it's truncated to 32 bits at the end and the extra internal state
contributes nothing to the result. And some callers do odd things:
- fs/hfs/string.c only allocates 32 bits of state
- fs/hfsplus/unicode.c uses it to hash 16-bit unicode symbols not bytes
- Modify bytemask_from_count to handle inputs of 1..sizeof(long)
rather than 0..sizeof(long)-1. This would simplify users other
than full_name_hash"
Special thanks to Bruce Fields for testing and finding bugs in v1. (I
learned some humbling lessons about "obviously correct" code.)
On the arch-specific front, the m68k assembly has been tested in a
standalone test harness, I've been in contact with the Microblaze
maintainers who mostly don't care, as the hardware multiplier is never
omitted in real-world applications, and I haven't heard anything from
the H8/300 world"
* 'hash' of git://ftp.sciencehorizons.net/linux:
h8300: Add <asm/hash.h>
microblaze: Add <asm/hash.h>
m68k: Add <asm/hash.h>
<linux/hash.h>: Add support for architecture-specific functions
fs/namei.c: Improve dcache hash function
Eliminate bad hash multipliers from hash_32() and hash_64()
Change hash_64() return value to 32 bits
<linux/sunrpc/svcauth.h>: Define hash_str() in terms of hashlen_string()
fs/namei.c: Add hashlen_string() function
Pull out string hash to <linux/stringhash.h>
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Microblaze is an FPGA soft core that can be configured various ways.
If it is configured without a multiplier, the standard __hash_32()
will require a call to __mulsi3, which is a slow software loop.
Instead, use a shift-and-add sequence for the constant multiply.
GCC knows how to do this, but it's not as clever as some.
Signed-off-by: George Spelvin <linux@sciencehorizons.net>
Cc: Alistair Francis <alistair.francis@xilinx.com>
Cc: Michal Simek <michal.simek@xilinx.com>
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Pull Microblaze updates from Michal Simek:
- Wire-up new syscalls
- Fix link error
* tag 'microblaze-4.7-rc1' of git://git.monstr.eu/linux-2.6-microblaze:
microblaze: pci: export isa_io_base to fix link errors
microblaze: Wire up userfaultfd, membarrier, mlock2 syscalls
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The binary GCD algorithm is based on the following facts:
1. If a and b are all evens, then gcd(a,b) = 2 * gcd(a/2, b/2)
2. If a is even and b is odd, then gcd(a,b) = gcd(a/2, b)
3. If a and b are all odds, then gcd(a,b) = gcd((a-b)/2, b) = gcd((a+b)/2, b)
Even on x86 machines with reasonable division hardware, the binary
algorithm runs about 25% faster (80% the execution time) than the
division-based Euclidian algorithm.
On platforms like Alpha and ARMv6 where division is a function call to
emulation code, it's even more significant.
There are two variants of the code here, depending on whether a fast
__ffs (find least significant set bit) instruction is available. This
allows the unpredictable branches in the bit-at-a-time shifting loop to
be eliminated.
If fast __ffs is not available, the "even/odd" GCD variant is used.
I use the following code to benchmark:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define swap(a, b) \
do { \
a ^= b; \
b ^= a; \
a ^= b; \
} while (0)
unsigned long gcd0(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
{
unsigned long r;
if (a < b) {
swap(a, b);
}
if (b == 0)
return a;
while ((r = a % b) != 0) {
a = b;
b = r;
}
return b;
}
unsigned long gcd1(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
{
unsigned long r = a | b;
if (!a || !b)
return r;
b >>= __builtin_ctzl(b);
for (;;) {
a >>= __builtin_ctzl(a);
if (a == b)
return a << __builtin_ctzl(r);
if (a < b)
swap(a, b);
a -= b;
}
}
unsigned long gcd2(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
{
unsigned long r = a | b;
if (!a || !b)
return r;
r &= -r;
while (!(b & r))
b >>= 1;
for (;;) {
while (!(a & r))
a >>= 1;
if (a == b)
return a;
if (a < b)
swap(a, b);
a -= b;
a >>= 1;
if (a & r)
a += b;
a >>= 1;
}
}
unsigned long gcd3(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
{
unsigned long r = a | b;
if (!a || !b)
return r;
b >>= __builtin_ctzl(b);
if (b == 1)
return r & -r;
for (;;) {
a >>= __builtin_ctzl(a);
if (a == 1)
return r & -r;
if (a == b)
return a << __builtin_ctzl(r);
if (a < b)
swap(a, b);
a -= b;
}
}
unsigned long gcd4(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
{
unsigned long r = a | b;
if (!a || !b)
return r;
r &= -r;
while (!(b & r))
b >>= 1;
if (b == r)
return r;
for (;;) {
while (!(a & r))
a >>= 1;
if (a == r)
return r;
if (a == b)
return a;
if (a < b)
swap(a, b);
a -= b;
a >>= 1;
if (a & r)
a += b;
a >>= 1;
}
}
static unsigned long (*gcd_func[])(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) = {
gcd0, gcd1, gcd2, gcd3, gcd4,
};
#define TEST_ENTRIES (sizeof(gcd_func) / sizeof(gcd_func[0]))
#if defined(__x86_64__)
#define rdtscll(val) do { \
unsigned long __a,__d; \
__asm__ __volatile__("rdtsc" : "=a" (__a), "=d" (__d)); \
(val) = ((unsigned long long)__a) | (((unsigned long long)__d)<<32); \
} while(0)
static unsigned long long benchmark_gcd_func(unsigned long (*gcd)(unsigned long, unsigned long),
unsigned long a, unsigned long b, unsigned long *res)
{
unsigned long long start, end;
unsigned long long ret;
unsigned long gcd_res;
rdtscll(start);
gcd_res = gcd(a, b);
rdtscll(end);
if (end >= start)
ret = end - start;
else
ret = ~0ULL - start + 1 + end;
*res = gcd_res;
return ret;
}
#else
static inline struct timespec read_time(void)
{
struct timespec time;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &time);
return time;
}
static inline unsigned long long diff_time(struct timespec start, struct timespec end)
{
struct timespec temp;
if ((end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec) < 0) {
temp.tv_sec = end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec - 1;
temp.tv_nsec = 1000000000ULL + end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec;
} else {
temp.tv_sec = end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec;
temp.tv_nsec = end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec;
}
return temp.tv_sec * 1000000000ULL + temp.tv_nsec;
}
static unsigned long long benchmark_gcd_func(unsigned long (*gcd)(unsigned long, unsigned long),
unsigned long a, unsigned long b, unsigned long *res)
{
struct timespec start, end;
unsigned long gcd_res;
start = read_time();
gcd_res = gcd(a, b);
end = read_time();
*res = gcd_res;
return diff_time(start, end);
}
#endif
static inline unsigned long get_rand()
{
if (sizeof(long) == 8)
return (unsigned long)rand() << 32 | rand();
else
return rand();
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
unsigned int seed = time(0);
int loops = 100;
int repeats = 1000;
unsigned long (*res)[TEST_ENTRIES];
unsigned lon |