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general spring cleaning
There are some breaking changes in this commit, see #11455.
Closes #11455
Closes #11549
This fixes a set of bugs (see issue list) and it is also paying some technical debt accumulated over the years. We now build with Staticcheck enabled in the CI build.
The performance should be about the same as before for regular sized Hugo sites, but it should perform and scale much better to larger data sets, as objects that uses lots of memory (e.g. rendered Markdown, big JSON files read into maps with transform.Unmarshal etc.) will now get automatically garbage collected if needed. Performance on partial rebuilds when running the server in fast render mode should be the same, but the change detection should be much more accurate.
A list of the notable new features:
* A new dependency tracker that covers (almost) all of Hugo's API and is used to do fine grained partial rebuilds when running the server.
* A new and simpler tree document store which allows fast lookups and prefix-walking in all dimensions (e.g. language) concurrently.
* You can now configure an upper memory limit allowing for much larger data sets and/or running on lower specced PCs.
We have lifted the "no resources in sub folders" restriction for branch bundles (e.g. sections).
Memory Limit
* Hugos will, by default, set aside a quarter of the total system memory, but you can set this via the OS environment variable HUGO_MEMORYLIMIT (in gigabytes). This is backed by a partitioned LRU cache used throughout Hugo. A cache that gets dynamically resized in low memory situations, allowing Go's Garbage Collector to free the memory.
New Dependency Tracker: Hugo has had a rule based coarse grained approach to server rebuilds that has worked mostly pretty well, but there have been some surprises (e.g. stale content). This is now revamped with a new dependency tracker that can quickly calculate the delta given a changed resource (e.g. a content file, template, JS file etc.). This handles transitive relations, e.g. $page -> js.Build -> JS import, or $page1.Content -> render hook -> site.GetPage -> $page2.Title, or $page1.Content -> shortcode -> partial -> site.RegularPages -> $page2.Content -> shortcode ..., and should also handle changes to aggregated values (e.g. site.Lastmod) effectively.
This covers all of Hugo's API with 2 known exceptions (a list that may not be fully exhaustive):
Changes to files loaded with template func os.ReadFile may not be handled correctly. We recommend loading resources with resources.Get
Changes to Hugo objects (e.g. Page) passed in the template context to lang.Translate may not be detected correctly. We recommend having simple i18n templates without too much data context passed in other than simple types such as strings and numbers.
Note that the cachebuster configuration (when A changes then rebuild B) works well with the above, but we recommend that you revise that configuration, as it in most situations should not be needed. One example where it is still needed is with TailwindCSS and using changes to hugo_stats.json to trigger new CSS rebuilds.
Document Store: Previously, a little simplified, we split the document store (where we store pages and resources) in a tree per language. This worked pretty well, but the structure made some operations harder than they needed to be. We have now restructured it into one Radix tree for all languages. Internally the language is considered to be a dimension of that tree, and the tree can be viewed in all dimensions concurrently. This makes some operations re. language simpler (e.g. finding translations is just a slice range), but the idea is that it should also be relatively inexpensive to add more dimensions if needed (e.g. role).
Fixes #10169
Fixes #10364
Fixes #10482
Fixes #10630
Fixes #10656
Fixes #10694
Fixes #10918
Fixes #11262
Fixes #11439
Fixes #11453
Fixes #11457
Fixes #11466
Fixes #11540
Fixes #11551
Fixes #11556
Fixes #11654
Fixes #11661
Fixes #11663
Fixes #11664
Fixes #11669
Fixes #11671
Fixes #11807
Fixes #11808
Fixes #11809
Fixes #11815
Fixes #11840
Fixes #11853
Fixes #11860
Fixes #11883
Fixes #11904
Fixes #7388
Fixes #7425
Fixes #7436
Fixes #7544
Fixes #7882
Fixes #7960
Fixes #8255
Fixes #8307
Fixes #8863
Fixes #8927
Fixes #9192
Fixes #9324
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and mod
Fixes #11018
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Updates #10947
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Primary motivation is documentation, but it will also hopefully simplify the code.
Also,
* Lower case the default output format names; this is in line with the custom ones (map keys) and how
it's treated all the places. This avoids doing `stringds.EqualFold` everywhere.
Closes #10896
Closes #10620
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* Add file context to minifier errors when publishing
* Misc fixes (see issues)
* Allow custom server error template in layouts/server/error.html
To get to this, this commit also cleans up and simplifies the code surrounding errors and files. This also removes the usage of `github.com/pkg/errors`, mostly because of https://github.com/pkg/errors/issues/223 -- but also because most of this is now built-in to Go.
Fixes #9852
Fixes #9857
Fixes #9863
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Updates #9687
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* Deprecate .Page.Path when backed by a file
* site.Permalinks
* --ignoreVendor (use --ignoreVendorPaths)
Closes #9348
Closes #9349
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Fixes #8942
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See https://github.com/mvdan/gofumpt
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This change is mostly motivated to get a more stable CI build (we're building the Hugo site there, with Instagram and Twitter shortcodes sometimes failing).
Fixes #7866
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This commit introduces a new data structure to store pages and their resources.
This data structure is backed by radix trees.
This simplies tree operations, makes all pages a bundle, and paves the way for #6310.
It also solves a set of annoying issues (see list below).
Not a motivation behind this, but this commit also makes Hugo in general a little bit faster and more memory effective (see benchmarks). Especially for partial rebuilds on content edits, but also when taxonomies is in use.
```
name old time/op new time/op delta
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image/Edit-16 1.32ms ± 8% 1.00ms ± 9% -24.42% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file/Edit-16 1.28ms ± 0% 0.94ms ± 0% -26.26% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories/Edit-16 33.9ms ± 2% 21.8ms ± 1% -35.67% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs/Edit-16 40.6ms ± 1% 37.7ms ± 3% -7.20% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree/Edit-16 56.7ms ± 0% 51.7ms ± 1% -8.82% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates/Edit-16 19.9ms ± 2% 18.3ms ± 3% -7.64% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections/Edit-16 37.9ms ± 4% 34.0ms ± 2% -10.28% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image-16 10.7ms ± 0% 10.6ms ± 0% -1.15% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file-16 10.8ms ± 0% 10.7ms ± 0% -1.05% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories-16 43.2ms ± 1% 39.6ms ± 1% -8.35% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs-16 47.6ms ± 1% 47.3ms ± 0% ~ (p=0.057 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree-16 73.0ms ± 1% 74.2ms ± 1% ~ (p=0.114 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates-16 37.9ms ± 0% 38.1ms ± 1% ~ (p=0.114 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections-16 53.6ms ± 1% 54.7ms ± 1% +2.09% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
name old alloc/op new alloc/op delta
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image/Edit-16 486kB ± 0% 430kB ± 0% -11.47% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file/Edit-16 265kB ± 0% 209kB ± 0% -21.06% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories/Edit-16 13.6MB ± 0% 8.8MB ± 0% -34.93% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs/Edit-16 66.5MB ± 0% 63.9MB ± 0% -3.95% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree/Edit-16 28.8MB ± 0% 25.8MB ± 0% -10.55% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates/Edit-16 6.16MB ± 0% 5.56MB ± 0% -9.86% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections/Edit-16 16.9MB ± 0% 16.0MB ± 0% -5.19% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image-16 2.28MB ± 0% 2.29MB ± 0% +0.35% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file-16 2.07MB ± 0% 2.07MB ± 0% ~ (p=0.114 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories-16 14.3MB ± 0% 13.2MB ± 0% -7.30% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs-16 69.1MB ± 0% 69.0MB ± 0% ~ (p=0.343 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree-16 31.3MB ± 0% 31.8MB ± 0% +1.49% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates-16 10.8MB ± 0% 10.9MB ± 0% +1.11% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections-16 21.4MB ± 0% 21.6MB ± 0% +1.15% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
name old allocs/op new allocs/op delta
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image/Edit-16 4.74k ± 0% 3.86k ± 0% -18.57% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file/Edit-16 4.73k ± 0% 3.85k ± 0% -18.58% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories/Edit-16 301k ± 0% 198k ± 0% -34.14% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs/Edit-16 389k ± 0% 373k ± 0% -4.07% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree/Edit-16 338k ± 0% 262k ± 0% -22.63% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates/Edit-16 102k ± 0% 88k ± 0% -13.81% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections/Edit-16 176k ± 0% 152k ± 0% -13.32% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_image-16 26.8k ± 0% 26.8k ± 0% +0.05% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Bundle_with_JSON_file-16 26.8k ± 0% 26.8k ± 0% +0.05% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Tags_and_categories-16 273k ± 0% 245k ± 0% -10.36% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Canonify_URLs-16 396k ± 0% 398k ± 0% +0.39% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Deep_content_tree-16 317k ± 0% 325k ± 0% +2.53% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Many_HTML_templates-16 146k ± 0% 147k ± 0% +0.98% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
SiteNew/Page_collections-16 210k ± 0% 215k ± 0% +2.44% (p=0.029 n=4+4)
```
Fixes #6312
Fixes #6087
Fixes #6738
Fixes #6412
Fixes #6743
Fixes #6875
Fixes #6034
Fixes #6902
Fixes #6173
Fixes #6590
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Fixes #6503
Fixes #6824
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This commit implements Hugo Modules.
This is a broad subject, but some keywords include:
* A new `module` configuration section where you can import almost anything. You can configure both your own file mounts nd the file mounts of the modules you import. This is the new recommended way of configuring what you earlier put in `configDir`, `staticDir` etc. And it also allows you to mount folders in non-Hugo-projects, e.g. the `SCSS` folder in the Bootstrap GitHub project.
* A module consists of a set of mounts to the standard 7 component types in Hugo: `static`, `content`, `layouts`, `data`, `assets`, `i18n`, and `archetypes`. Yes, Theme Components can now include content, which should be very useful, especially in bigger multilingual projects.
* Modules not in your local file cache will be downloaded automatically and even "hot replaced" while the server is running.
* Hugo Modules supports and encourages semver versioned modules, and uses the minimal version selection algorithm to resolve versions.
* A new set of CLI commands are provided to manage all of this: `hugo mod init`, `hugo mod get`, `hugo mod graph`, `hugo mod tidy`, and `hugo mod vendor`.
All of the above is backed by Go Modules.
Fixes #5973
Fixes #5996
Fixes #6010
Fixes #5911
Fixes #5940
Fixes #6074
Fixes #6082
Fixes #6092
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Fixes #5781
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The main motivation of this commit is to add a `page.Page` interface to replace the very file-oriented `hugolib.Page` struct.
This is all a preparation step for issue #5074, "pages from other data sources".
But this also fixes a set of annoying limitations, especially related to custom output formats, and shortcodes.
Most notable changes:
* The inner content of shortcodes using the `{{%` as the outer-most delimiter will now be sent to the content renderer, e.g. Blackfriday.
This means that any markdown will partake in the global ToC and footnote context etc.
* The Custom Output formats are now "fully virtualized". This removes many of the current limitations.
* The taxonomy list type now has a reference to the `Page` object.
This improves the taxonomy template `.Title` situation and make common template constructs much simpler.
See #5074
Fixes #5763
Fixes #5758
Fixes #5090
Fixes #5204
Fixes #4695
Fixes #5607
Fixes #5707
Fixes #5719
Fixes #3113
Fixes #5706
Fixes #5767
Fixes #5723
Fixes #5769
Fixes #5770
Fixes #5771
Fixes #5759
Fixes #5776
Fixes #5777
Fixes #5778
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Fixes #5555
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This avoids double parsing the page content when `enableEmoji=true`.
This commit also adds some general improvements to the parser, making it in general much faster:
```bash
benchmark old ns/op new ns/op delta
BenchmarkShortcodeLexer-4 90258 101730 +12.71%
BenchmarkParse-4 148940 15037 -89.90%
benchmark old allocs new allocs delta
BenchmarkShortcodeLexer-4 456 700 +53.51%
BenchmarkParse-4 28 33 +17.86%
benchmark old bytes new bytes delta
BenchmarkShortcodeLexer-4 69875 81014 +15.94%
BenchmarkParse-4 8128 8304 +2.17%
```
Running some site benchmarks with Emoji support turned on:
```bash
benchmark old ns/op new ns/op delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_pages=5000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 924556797 818115620 -11.51%
benchmark old allocs new allocs delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_pages=5000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 4112613 4133787 +0.51%
benchmark old bytes new bytes delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_pages=5000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 426982864 424363832 -0.61%
```
Fixes #5534
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Fixes #5457
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And remove some now unused code.
See #5324
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See #5324
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The main item in this commit is showing of errors with a file context when running `hugo server`.
This can be turned off: `hugo server --disableBrowserError` (can also be set in `config.toml`).
But to get there, the error handling in Hugo needed a revision. There are some items left TODO for commits soon to follow, most notable errors in content and config files.
Fixes #5284
Fixes #5290
See #5325
See #5324
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This commit adds support for theme composition and inheritance in Hugo.
With this, it helps thinking about a theme as a set of ordered components:
```toml
theme = ["my-shortcodes", "base-theme", "hyde"]
```
The theme definition example above in `config.toml` creates a theme with the 3 components with presedence from left to right.
So, Hugo will, for any given file, data entry etc., look first in the project, and then in `my-shortcode`, `base-theme` and lastly `hyde`.
Hugo uses two different algorithms to merge the filesystems, depending on the file type:
* For `i18n` and `data` files, Hugo merges deeply using the translation id and data key inside the files.
* For `static`, `layouts` (templates) and `archetypes` files, these are merged on file level. So the left-most file will be chosen.
The name used in the `theme` definition above must match a folder in `/your-site/themes`, e.g. `/your-site/themes/my-shortcodes`. There are plans to improve on this and get a URL scheme so this can be resolved automatically.
Also note that a component that is part of a theme can have its own configuration file, e.g. `config.toml`. There are currently some restrictions to what a theme component can configure:
* `params` (global and per language)
* `menu` (global and per language)
* `outputformats` and `mediatypes`
The same rules apply here: The left-most param/menu etc. with the same ID will win. There are some hidden and experimental namespace support in the above, which we will work to improve in the future, but theme authors are encouraged to create their own namespaces to avoid naming conflicts.
A final note: Themes/components can also have a `theme` definition in their `config.toml` and similar, which is the "inheritance" part of this commit's title. This is currently not supported by the Hugo theme site. We will have to wait for some "auto dependency" feature to be implemented for that to happen, but this can be a powerful feature if you want to create your own theme-variant based on others.
Fixes #4460
Fixes #4450
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The CLI docs output is now identical with the master version.
See #4598
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See #4598
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See #4598
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See #4598
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This commit is not the smallest in Hugo's history.
Some hightlights include:
* Page bundles (for complete articles, keeping images and content together etc.).
* Bundled images can be processed in as many versions/sizes as you need with the three methods `Resize`, `Fill` and `Fit`.
* Processed images are cached inside `resources/_gen/images` (default) in your project.
* Symbolic links (both files and dirs) are now allowed anywhere inside /content
* A new table based build summary
* The "Total in nn ms" now reports the total including the handling of the files inside /static. So if it now reports more than you're used to, it is just **more real** and probably faster than before (see below).
A site building benchmark run compared to `v0.31.1` shows that this should be slightly faster and use less memory:
```bash
▶ ./benchSite.sh "TOML,num_langs=.*,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=(500|1000),tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render"
benchmark old ns/op new ns/op delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 101785785 78067944 -23.30%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 185481057 149159919 -19.58%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 103149918 85679409 -16.94%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 203515478 169208775 -16.86%
benchmark old allocs new allocs delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 532464 391539 -26.47%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 1056549 772702 -26.87%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 555974 406630 -26.86%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 1086545 789922 -27.30%
benchmark old bytes new bytes delta
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 53243246 43598155 -18.12%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=1,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 105811617 86087116 -18.64%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=500,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 54558852 44545097 -18.35%
BenchmarkSiteBuilding/TOML,num_langs=3,num_root_sections=5,num_pages=1000,tags_per_page=5,shortcodes,render-4 106903858 86978413 -18.64%
```
Fixes #3651
Closes #3158
Fixes #1014
Closes #2021
Fixes #1240
Updates #3757
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This is a final rewrite that removes all the global state in Hugo, which also enables
the use if `t.Parallel` in tests.
Updates #2701
Fixes #3016
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Note that this looks like overkill for just the logger, and that is correct,
but this will make sense once we start with the template handling etc.
Updates #2701
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* all: Delete some blank lines
* commands, tpl: Get rid of repeating viper accesses
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All config variables starts with low-case and uses camelCase.
If there is abbreviation at the beginning of the name, the whole
abbreviation will be written in low-case.
If there is abbreviation at the end of the name, the
whole abbreviation will be written in upper-case.
For example, rssURI.
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Fixes #2458
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See #2440
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Fixes #2440
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Fixes #2437
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v0.15 had it, but I removed it inadvertently for 0.16-DEV
in commit 00d04774 in PR #1652.
Also add directory bash-completion for `--source`
for `hugo convert`, `hugo list` and `hugo new`.
See #1624, #1589
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Still need to add some missing headers and an AUTHORS file.
See #1646
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This is to ensure that only the relevant command-line flags
for a certain Hugo subcommand is shown to the end user,
reducing clutter and improving user experience.
Fixes #1624 - CLI UX: Flags shouldn't be global
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Cobra, the CLI commander in use in Hugo, has some long awaited improvements in the error handling department.
This enables a more centralized error handling approach.
This commit introduces that by changing all the command funcs to `RunE`:
* The core part of the error logging, usage logging and `os.Exit(-1)` is now performed in one place and that one place only.
* The usage text is now only shown on invalid arguments etc. (user errors)
Fixes #1502
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