Add a set of image filters

With this you can do variants of this:

```
{{ $img := resources.Get "images/misc/3-jenny.jpg" }}
{{ $img := $img.Resize "300x" }}
{{ $g1 := $img.Filter images.Grayscale }}
{{ $g2 := $img | images.Filter (images.Saturate 30) (images.GaussianBlur 3) }}
```

Fixes #6255

86 files changed, 761 insertions, 130 deletions

diff --git a/resources/image.go b/resources/image.go
index e1a816942..7113284f7 100644
--- a/resources/image.go
+++ b/resources/image.go
@@ -16,18 +16,19 @@ package resources
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"image"
-	"image/color"
 	"image/draw"
 	_ "image/gif"
 	_ "image/png"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources/internal"
+
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources/resource"
 
 	_errors "github.com/pkg/errors"
 
-	"github.com/disintegration/imaging"
+	"github.com/disintegration/gift"
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/helpers"
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources/images"
 
@@ -82,16 +83,26 @@ func (i *imageResource) cloneWithUpdates(u *transformationUpdate) (baseResource,
 // filter and returns the transformed image. If one of width or height is 0, the image aspect
 // ratio is preserved.
 func (i *imageResource) Resize(spec string) (resource.Image, error) {
-	return i.doWithImageConfig("resize", spec, func(src image.Image, conf images.ImageConfig) (image.Image, error) {
-		return i.Proc.Resize(src, conf)
+	conf, err := i.decodeImageConfig("resize", spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return i.doWithImageConfig(conf, func(src image.Image) (image.Image, error) {
+		return i.Proc.ApplyFiltersFromConfig(src, conf)
 	})
 }
 
 // Fit scales down the image using the specified resample filter to fit the specified
 // maximum width and height.
 func (i *imageResource) Fit(spec string) (resource.Image, error) {
-	return i.doWithImageConfig("fit", spec, func(src image.Image, conf images.ImageConfig) (image.Image, error) {
-		return i.Proc.Fit(src, conf)
+	conf, err := i.decodeImageConfig("fit", spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return i.doWithImageConfig(conf, func(src image.Image) (image.Image, error) {
+		return i.Proc.ApplyFiltersFromConfig(src, conf)
 	})
 }
 
@@ -99,8 +110,22 @@ func (i *imageResource) Fit(spec string) (resource.Image, error) {
 // crops the resized image to the specified dimensions using the given anchor point.
 // Space delimited config: 200x300 TopLeft
 func (i *imageResource) Fill(spec string) (resource.Image, error) {
-	return i.doWithImageConfig("fill", spec, func(src image.Image, conf images.ImageConfig) (image.Image, error) {
-		return i.Proc.Fill(src, conf)
+	conf, err := i.decodeImageConfig("fill", spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return i.doWithImageConfig(conf, func(src image.Image) (image.Image, error) {
+		return i.Proc.ApplyFiltersFromConfig(src, conf)
+	})
+}
+
+func (i *imageResource) Filter(filters ...gift.Filter) (resource.Image, error) {
+	conf := i.Proc.GetDefaultImageConfig("filter")
+	conf.Key = internal.HashString(filters)
+
+	return i.doWithImageConfig(conf, func(src image.Image) (image.Image, error) {
+		return i.Proc.Filter(src, filters...)
 	})
 }
 
@@ -118,19 +143,14 @@ const imageProcWorkers = 1
 
 var imageProcSem = make(chan bool, imageProcWorkers)
 
-func (i *imageResource) doWithImageConfig(action, spec string, f func(src image.Image, conf images.ImageConfig) (image.Image, error)) (resource.Image, error) {
-	conf, err := i.decodeImageConfig(action, spec)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
+func (i *imageResource) doWithImageConfig(conf images.ImageConfig, f func(src image.Image) (image.Image, error)) (resource.Image, error) {
 	return i.getSpec().imageCache.getOrCreate(i, conf, func() (*imageResource, image.Image, error) {
 		imageProcSem <- true
 		defer func() {
 			<-imageProcSem
 		}()
 
-		errOp := action
+		errOp := conf.Action
 		errPath := i.getSourceFilename()
 
 		src, err := i.decodeSource()
@@ -138,17 +158,12 @@ func (i *imageResource) doWithImageConfig(action, spec string, f func(src image.
 			return nil, nil, &os.PathError{Op: errOp, Path: errPath, Err: err}
 		}
 
-		if conf.Rotate != 0 {
-			// Rotate it before any scaling to get the dimensions correct.
-			src = imaging.Rotate(src, float64(conf.Rotate), color.Transparent)
-		}
-
-		converted, err := f(src, conf)
+		converted, err := f(src)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, &os.PathError{Op: errOp, Path: errPath, Err: err}
 		}
 
-		if i.Format == imaging.PNG {
+		if i.Format == images.PNG {
 			// Apply the colour palette from the source
 			if paletted, ok := src.(*image.Paletted); ok {
 				tmp := image.NewPaletted(converted.Bounds(), paletted.Palette)
@@ -222,7 +237,7 @@ func (i *imageResource) relTargetPathFromConfig(conf images.ImageConfig) dirFile
 	// Do not change for no good reason.
 	const md5Threshold = 100
 
-	key := conf.Key(i.Format)
+	key := conf.GetKey(i.Format)
 
 	// It is useful to have the key in clear text, but when nesting transforms, it
 	// can easily be too long to read, and maybe even too long
diff --git a/resources/image_test.go b/resources/image_test.go
index 31169444d..330a3af4b 100644
--- a/resources/image_test.go
+++ b/resources/image_test.go
@@ -16,14 +16,20 @@ package resources
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math/rand"
+	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
 	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/disintegration/gift"
+
+	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/helpers"
+
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/media"
+	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources/images"
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/resources/resource"
-
 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
 
 	"github.com/gohugoio/hugo/htesting/hqt"
@@ -35,6 +41,9 @@ var eq = qt.CmpEquals(
 	cmp.Comparer(func(p1, p2 *resourceAdapter) bool {
 		return p1.resourceAdapterInner == p2.resourceAdapterInner
 	}),
+	cmp.Comparer(func(p1, p2 os.FileInfo) bool {
+		return p1.Name() == p2.Name() && p1.Size() == p2.Size() && p1.IsDir() == p2.IsDir()
+	}),
 	cmp.Comparer(func(p1, p2 *genericResource) bool { return p1 == p2 }),
 	cmp.Comparer(func(m1, m2 media.Type) bool {
 		return m1.Type() == m2.Type()
@@ -94,7 +103,7 @@ func TestImageTransformBasic(t *testing.T) {
 	fittedAgain, err = fittedAgain.Fit("10x20")
 	c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
 	c.Assert(fittedAgain.RelPermalink(), qt.Equals, "/a/sunset_hu59e56ffff1bc1d8d122b1403d34e039f_90587_3f65ba24dc2b7fba0f56d7f104519157.jpg")
-	assertWidthHeight(fittedAgain, 10, 6)
+	assertWidthHeight(fittedAgain, 10, 7)
 
 	filled, err := image.Fill("200x100 bottomLeft")
 	c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
@@ -155,7 +164,10 @@ func TestImagePermalinkPublishOrder(t *testing.T) {
 
 		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			c := qt.New(t)
-			spec := newTestResourceOsFs(c)
+			spec, workDir := newTestResourceOsFs(c)
+			defer func() {
+				os.Remove(workDir)
+			}()
 
 			check1 := func(img resource.Image) {
 				resizedLink := "/a/sunset_hu59e56ffff1bc1d8d122b1403d34e039f_90587_100x50_resize_q75_box.jpg"
@@ -192,7 +204,10 @@ func TestImageTransformConcurrent(t *testing.T) {
 
 	c := qt.New(t)
 
-	spec := newTestResourceOsFs(c)
+	spec, workDir := newTestResourceOsFs(c)
+	defer func() {
+		os.Remove(workDir)
+	}()
 
 	image := fetchImageForSpec(spec, c, "sunset.jpg")
 
@@ -317,6 +332,133 @@ func TestSVGImageContent(t *testing.T) {
 	c.Assert(content.(string), qt.Contains, `<svg height="100" width="100">`)
 }
 
+func TestImageOperationsGolden(t *testing.T) {
+	c := qt.New(t)
+	c.Parallel()
+
+	devMode := false
+
+	testImages := []string{"sunset.jpg", "gohugoio8.png", "gohugoio24.png"}
+
+	spec, workDir := newTestResourceOsFs(c)
+	defer func() {
+		if !devMode {
+			os.Remove(workDir)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	if devMode {
+		fmt.Println(workDir)
+	}
+
+	for _, img := range testImages {
+
+		orig := fetchImageForSpec(spec, c, img)
+		for _, resizeSpec := range []string{"200x100", "600x", "200x r90 q50 Box"} {
+			resized, err := orig.Resize(resizeSpec)
+			c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+			rel := resized.RelPermalink()
+			c.Log("resize", rel)
+			c.Assert(rel, qt.Not(qt.Equals), "")
+		}
+
+		for _, fillSpec := range []string{"300x200 Gaussian Smart", "100x100 Center", "300x100 TopLeft NearestNeighbor", "400x200 BottomLeft"} {
+			resized, err := orig.Fill(fillSpec)
+			c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+			rel := resized.RelPermalink()
+			c.Log("fill", rel)
+			c.Assert(rel, qt.Not(qt.Equals), "")
+		}
+
+		for _, fitSpec := range []string{"300x200 Linear"} {
+			resized, err := orig.Fit(fitSpec)
+			c.Assert(err, qt.IsNil)
+			rel := resized.RelPermalink()
+			c.Lo